Parva 1 Chapter 32: puru vaṁśa kīrtanam - Dynasty of puru

vaiśampāyana uvāca— vaiśampāyana continued: anādhṛṣyaḥ tu rājarṣir ṛcheyuḥ ca eka-rāṭ smṛtaḥ | ṛcheyor jvalanā nāma bhāryā vai takṣaka ātmajā || 1-32-1 tasyāṁ sa devyāṁ rājarṣir matināro mahīpatiḥ | matināraḥ sutāḥ ca āsan trayaḥ parama-dhārmikāḥ || 1-32-2 taṁsuḥ ādyaḥ prati-rathaḥ subāhuḥ caiva dhārmikaḥ | gaurī kanyā ca vikhyātā māndhātṛ jananī śubhā || 1-32-3 sarve veda-vidaḥ tatra brahmaṇyāḥ satya-vādinaḥ | sarve kṛta-astrā balinaḥ sarve yuddha-viśāradāḥ || 1-32-4 It is said that the sagely king Richeyu is an invincible and unique king who married lady jvalana, the daughter of takshaka, and that kingly saint begot through her a prince called matināra, aka mati-nātha... and this matināra begot three sons and a daughter; sons are taṁsu, prati-ratha, and subāhu, who are all well-read in the Vedas, conversant with the knowledge of brahman, truthful, well-versed in the use of arms, powerful and skilful in warfare... and the daughter of mati-nāra is called gauri... this gauri is the mother of māndhāta... putraḥ prati-rathasya āsīt kaṇvaḥ samabhavat nṛpaḥ | medhātithiḥ sutaḥ tasya yasmāt kāṇvāyanā dvijāḥ || 1-32-5 O king, prati-ratha's son is king kaṇwa whose son is medhatithi from whom a line of brāhmaṇa-s called kāṇvāyana-s, kāṇva-śākha has come... īlinī bhūpa yasya āsīt kanyā vai janamejaya | brahma-vādinya adhi strīṁ ca taṁsuḥ tām abhyagacchata || 1-32-6 Whose daughter is lady īlini, that king īlina is an outstanding one among all the brahma-devouts, and king taṁsu married such a lady namely īlini... In some mms this name is written as lady Ila which is incorrect. - nk taṁsoḥ surodho rājarṣir dharma-netro mahāyaśāḥ | brahma-vādī para-ākrāntaḥ tasya bhārya upadānavī || 1-32-7 King taṁsu begot a sagely king surodha who is valorous and righteous as well, and who by his righteous deeds is also known by another name dharma-netra, and who took lady upadānavi as his wife... upadānavī sutān lebhe caturaḥ tu īlika-ātmajān | duṣyantam atha suṣmantaṁ pravīram anaghaṁ tathā || 1-32-8 Lady upadānavi begot four sons through the son of lady īlini, aka surodha, aka dharma-netra, who are duṣyanta, suṣmanta, pravīra and anagha... duṣyantasya tu dāyādo bharato nāma vīryavān | sa sarva-damano nāma nāga-āyuta balo mahān || 1-32-9 cakravartī suto jajṣe duṣyantasya mahātmanaḥ | śakuntalāyāṁ bharato yasya nāmnā stha bhāratāḥ || 1-32-10 duṣyanta’s son is the valiant bharata, who in his childhood was called as sarva-damana, and who is said to have the strength of a thousand elephants... duṣyanta begot this emperor son bharata through lady shakuntala, and oh, janamejaya, you all are being called bharatā-s only after him... duṣyantaṁ prati rājānaṁ vāk uvāca aśarīriṇī | mātā bhastrā pituḥ putro yena jātaḥ sa eva saḥ || 1-32-11 bharasva putraṁ duṣyanta mā avamaṁsthāḥ śakuntalām | retodhāḥ putra unnayati nara-deva yama-kṣayāt || 1-32-12 tvaṁ ca asya dhātā garbhasya satyam āha śakuntalā | When duṣyanta rejected lady shakuntala as his wife, then a formless entity spoke from firmament: 'The mother is but the sheath of flesh; the son sprung from the father is the father himself. Therefore, O ḍuśmanta, cherish thy son, and insult not ṣakuntala. O best of men, the son, who is but a form of one's own seed, rescueth (ancestors) from the region of Yama. Thou art the progenitor of this boy. ṣakuntala hath spoken the truth... [mbh, ādi, KMG] bhastrā = leathern case. bharatasya vinaṣṭeṣu tanayeṣu mahīpateḥ || 1-32-13 mātṝṇāṁ tāta kopena mayā te katithaṁ purā | bṛhaspateḥ āṅgirasaḥ putro rājan mahāmuniḥ | saṁkrāmito bharadvājo marudbhiḥ ṛtubhir vibhuḥ || 1-32-14 atra eva udāharanti imaṁ bharadvājasya dhīmataḥ | dharma-saṁkramaṇaṁ cāpi marudbhiḥ bharatāya vai || 1-32-15 I have already said about the perish of all the sons of bharata as a result of the anger of their mothers, while I was narrating ādi parva of mahābhārata, isn’t it... that being so, there is a great sage bharadvāja... this bharadvāja emerged as the son of bṛhaspati, where bṛhaspati himself is the son of aṅgirasa, when bṛhaspati performed a vedic ritual aiming at marut-gaṇā-s, the wind-gods... when emperor bharata is rendered childless there occurred an imbroglio of dharma insofar as the futurity of his lineage... then this bharadvāja became the son of bharata at the behest of marud-gaṇās... this is an often cited episode, so let us skip it here... ayojayat bharadvājo marudbhiḥ kratubhiḥ hitam | pūrvaṁ tu vitathe tasya kṛte vai putra janmani || 1-32-16 tataḥ atha vitatho nāma bharadvāja sutaḥ abhavat | tataḥ atha vitathe jāte bharataḥ tu divaṁ yayau || 1-32-17 vitathaṁ ca abhiṣicya atha bharadvājo vanaṁ yayau | Later when bharadvāja conducted a vedic ritual aiming at marut-gaṇā-s to coalesce bharata’s futurity with the grace of marut-gaṇā-s, then a son named vitatha has emerged... because bharadvāja sired this prince vitatha, though not biogenetically, but by his yogic power, this newly emerged prince vi-tatha, meaning unsuch, not such, is called as the son of bharadvāja... then, perceiving the continuity of his lineage in his grandson vitatha through the spiritual effort of his so-called son sage bharadvāja, emperor bharata left for heaven... consequently sage bharadvāja too left for woods anointing this vitatha as king, as a true acetic uninterested in kingdoms or descendants, and as his role of a viaduct is finished... sa rājā vitathaḥ putrāṣ janayāmāsa paṣcha vai || 1-32-18 suhotraṁ ca suhotāraṁ gayaṁ gargaṁ tathaiva ca | kapilaṁ ca mahātmānaṁ suhotrasya suta dvayam || 1-32-19 kāśikaḥ ca mahā-sattvaḥ tathā gṛtsamatiḥ nṛpaḥ | tathā gṛtsamateḥ putrā brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyā viśaḥ || 1-32-20 Then king vitatha begot five sons called: suhotra, suhotāra, gaya, garga, and kapila... later king suhotra begot two sons named kāśika and gṛtsamati, where the progeny of gṛtsamati became many brāhmaṇa-s, kshatriya-s, vaishya-s etc... kāśikasya tu kāśeyaḥ putro dīrghatapāḥ tathā | babhūva dīrghatapaso vidvān dhanvantariḥ sutaḥ || 1-32-21 dhanvantareḥ tu tanayaḥ ketumān iti viśrutaḥ | atha ketumataḥ putro vīro bhīmaratho nṛpa || 1-32-22 suto bhīmarathasya āsīt divodāsaḥ prajeśvaraḥ | divodāsa iti khyātaḥ sarva-rakṣo-vināśanaḥ || 1-32-23 The lineage of king kāśika who ruled the kāśeya province is like this: kāśika ----> dīrgha-tapa --> dhanvantari --> ketumān --> bhīma-ratha --> divodāsa; this divodāsa is reputed for elimination of all the rākśasas... etasmin eva kāle tu purīṁ vārāṇasīṁ nṛpa | śūnyāṁ niveśayāmāsa kṣemako nama rākṣasaḥ | śaptā hi sā matimatā nikumbhena mahātmanā | śūnyā varṣa-sahasraṁ vai bhavitri iti narādhipa || 1-32-24 At this time, O king, depopulated by a rākśasa named kṣemaka, and cursed by the follower of god shiva, namely nikuṁbha, the city of vāraṇāsi had to remain uninhabited for one thousand years... tasyāṁ tu śaptamātrāyāṁ divodāsaḥ prajeśvaraḥ | viṣaya ante purīṁ ramyāṁ gomatyāṁ saṁnyaveśayat || 1-32-25 As soon as this curse is pronounced against the city of vāraṇāsi its king divodasa laid a most beautiful city on the riverbank of gomati at the fringes of his kingdom... bhadraśreṇyasya pūrvaṁ tu purī vārāṇasī bhavat | yadu-vaṁśa-prasūtasya tapasyabhiratasya ca || 1-32-26 bhadraśreṇyasya putrāṇāṁ shatam uttama dhanvinām | hatvā niveśayāmāsa divodāsaḥ prajeśvaraḥ || 1-32-27 Formerly the city vāraṇāsi was in the possession of the ascetic king bhadraśreṇya born in the race of yadus. But this king divodasa redeemed this kingdom on eliminating the hundred sons of bhadraśreṇya who were all excellent bowmen... divodāsasya putraḥ tu vīro rājā pratardanaḥ | pratardanasya putrau dvau vatso bhārgaḥ tathaiva ca || 1-32-28 alarko rāja-putraḥ tu rājā sannatimān bhuvi | The heroic king pratardana is divodāsa's son who had two sons, namely vatsa and bharga, and alarka is a descendant of vatsa... sannatiman is a descendant of alarka... haihayasya tu dāyādyaṁ hṛtavān vai mahīpatiḥ || 1-32-29 ājahre pitṝ-dāyādyaṁ divodāsa hṛtaṁ balāt | bhadraśreṇyasya putreṇa durdamena mahātmanā | divodāsena bāla iti ghṛṇayā parivarjitaḥ || 1-32-30 kāśeya province with vāraṇāsi as its capital originally belonged to bhadraśreṇya of haihaya lineage and king divodāsa usurped it... but, prince durdama, the last son of bhadraśreṇya, recaptured it from divodāsa when he came of age...when divodāsa eliminated the hundred sons of bhadraśreṇya, he sympathetically left this last one durdama out because he was a boy then... aṣṭāratho nāma nṛpaḥ suto bhīmarathasya vai| tena putreṣu bāleṣu prahṛtaṁ tasya bhārata || 1-32-31 vairasya-antaṁ mahārāja kṣatriyeṇa vidhitsatā | aṣṭāratha, aka pratardana, is the son of bhīmaratha, aka divodāsa; because the hundred sons of bhadraśreṇya have once eliminated every youngling while capturing kāśeya province, divodāsa made this pratardana to retaliate in the same way while recapturing kāśi from bhadraśreṇya’s clansmen, and thus he has put an end to ancestral hostilities as a true kshatriya... aṣṭharatha pratardana; bhīmarathasyeti divodāsasya viśeṣaṇam. alarkaḥ kāśi-rājaḥ tu brahmaṇyaḥ satyasaṅgaraḥ || 1-32-32 ṣaṣṭi-varṣa-sahasrāṇi ṣaṣṭi-varṣa-śatāni ca | tasya āsīt su-mahad-rājyaṁ rūpa-yauvana-śālinaḥ || 1-32-33 yuvā rūpeṇa saṁpanna āsīt kāśi kula udvahaḥ | lopāmudrā prasādena parama āyur avāpa saḥ || 1-32-34 vayaso'nte mahābāhur hatvā kṣemaka rākṣasam | śūnyāṁ niveśayāmāsa purīṁ vārāṇasīṁ nṛpa || 1-32-35 Later, the devotee of brahma and a truthful one, prince alarka, the grandson of pratardana, became the king of kāśi... endowed with the grace of lady lopāmudra, his charm, youthfulness and longevity are maintained; his ruling capacity of the expansive kingdom of kāśi for six-thousand-six-hundred years is achieved; repopulating the uninhabited kāśi by eliminating the demon called kṣemaka at the end of accurst period is accomplished... alarkasya tu dāyādaḥ sunītho nāma pārthivaḥ | sunīthasya tu dāyādaḥ kṣemyo nāma mahāyaśāḥ || 1-32-36 kṣemyasya ketumān putro varṣaketuḥ tato'bhavat | varṣaketoḥ tu dāyādo vibhuḥ nāma prajeśvaraḥ || 1-32-37 ānartaḥ tu vibhoḥ putraḥ sukumāraḥ tato'bhavat | putraḥ tu sukumārasya satyaketuḥ mahārathaḥ || 1-32-38 tato'bhavan mahātejā rājā paramadhārmikaḥ | vatsasya vatsa-bhūmiḥ tu bhārga-bhūmiḥ tu bhārgavāt || 1-32-39 ete tu aṅgirasaḥ putrā jātā vaṁśe'tha bhārgave | brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāḥ śūdrāścha bharatarṣabha ||1-32-40 The heroic king pratardana is divodāsa's son who had two sons, namely vatsa and bharga, and alarka is a descendant of vatsa... the lineage of princes from alarka is like this: alarka --> sunītha --> kṣemya --> ketumanta --> varṣaketu --> vibhu --> ānarta --> sukumāra --> satyaketu... vatsa’s province is called vatsa-bhūmi, and bharga’s province bharga-bhūmi... these all are the offshoots of aṅgirasā-s, hence they are also called bhārgavās... from them there emerged many brāhmaṇā-s, kṣatriyā-s, vaiśyā-s and śūdrās... suhotrasya bṛhat putro bṛhataḥ tanayāḥ trayaḥ | ajamīḍho dvimīḍhaḥ ca puru-mīḍhaḥ ca vīryavān || 1-32-41 The son of vitatha and the grandson of bharata is suhotra who begot three sons namely, ajamīḍha, dvi-mīḍha and puru-mīḍha... ajamīḍhasya patnyaḥ tu tisro vai yaśasānvitāḥ | nīlinī keśinī caiva dhūminī ca varāṅganā || 1-32-42 ajamīḍhasya keśinyāṁ jajṣe jahnuḥ pratāpavān | ājahre yaḥ mahā-satraṁ sarva-medhaṁ mahā-makham || 1-32-43 ajamīḍha has three glorious wives who are lady nīlini, lady keshini and lady dhūmini... of whom ajamīḍha begot a son named jahnu through lady keshini... this jahnu performed a great vedic ritual called sarva-medha... This sarva-medha vedic ritual is higher than ashvamedha, and it will be performed when a king conquerors every bit of the earth. patilobhena yaṁ gaṅgā vinīta abhisasāra ha | na icchataḥ plāvayāmāsa tasya gaṅgā atha tatsadaḥ || 1-32-44 sa tayā plāvitaṁ dṝṣṭvā yajṣa-vāṭaṁ paraṁtapa | jahnuḥ api abravīt gaṅgāṁ kruddho bharatasattama || 1-32-45 eṣa te triṣu lokeṣu saṁkṣipya āpaḥ pibāmi aham | asya gaṅge avalepasya sadyaḥ phalam avāpnuhi || 1-32-46 tataḥ pītāṁ mahātmāno gaṅgāṁ dṛṣṭvā maharṣayaḥ | upaninyuḥ mahābhāgā duhitṛtvāya jāhnavīm || 1-32-47 When juhnu is performing sarva-medha ritual river ganga gently drifted towards him requesting him to marry her... but juhnu turned her proposals down... then she started to inundate his ritual ground... seeing the ritual ground flooded with the water of ganga, juhnu is enraged and spoke to river ganga, “I will toss off all your water gathering from all the three worlds whereby you will reap the fruit of your arrogance...” saying so juhnu drank all the water of ganga... seeing the arrest of the flow of ganga by way of juhnu’s drinking them, all the great sage have pacified juhnu, and brought ganga round as the daughter of juhnu, whereby ganga is termed as jahnavi... yuvanāśvasya putrīṁ tu kāverīṁ jahnuḥ āvahat | gaṅgā śāpena deha ardhaṁ yasyāḥ paścāt nadī kṛtam || 1-32-48 juhnu took lady kāveri, the daughter of yuvanāśva, as his wife, whose half body is formed by ganga herself owing to a curse of ganga, and who ultimately became the legendary river kāveri... jahnoḥ tu dayitaḥ putraḥ tu ajako nāma vīryavān | ajakasya tu dāyādo balākāśvo mahīpatiḥ || 1-32-49 babhūva mṛgayā-śīlaḥ kuśikaḥ tasya ca ātmajaḥ | pahlavaiḥ saha saṁruddho rājā vana charaiḥ tadā || 1-32-50 jahnu’s son is the mighty ajaka, and ajaka’s son is balākāśva, whose son is kushika; this kushika is a game-lover and grew up with pahlava-s and other forest rangers... kuśikaḥ tu tapaḥ tepe putram indra samaṁ prabhuḥ | labheyam iti taṁ śakraḥ trāsāt abhyetya jajṣivān || 1-32-51 kushika undertook hard austerities desiring to beget a son, a son coequal to indra. Then, indra scaring to have a selfsame opponent, came to plead with kushika about such an impossibility, but became the son of very same kushika... sa gādhiḥ abhavat rājā maghavān kauśikaḥ svayam | viśvāmitraḥ tu gādheyo rājā viśvarathaḥ tadā || 1-32-52 viśvakṛt viśvajit caiva tathā satyavatī nṛpa | ṛcīkāt jamadagniḥ tu satyavatyām ajāyata || 1-32-53 indra, taking birth as the son of kushika, became king gādhi, and the sons of this gādhi are viśvāmitra, viśva-ratha, viśva-kṛt and viśva-jit, while his daughter is lady satyavati, and sage ṛcīka begot sage jamadagni on this lady satyavati... viśvāmitrasya tu sutā devarāta ādayaḥ smṛtāḥ | prakhyātāḥ triṣu lokeṣu teṣāṁ nāmāni me śṛṇu || 1-32-54 devarāta et al said to be the progeny of viśvāmitra who are famous in all the three worlds... listen to their names from me... deva-śravāḥ katiḥ caiva yasmāt kātyāyanāḥ smṛtāḥ | śālāvatyā hiraṇyākṣo reṇoḥ jajṣe'tha reṇumān || 1-32-55 deva-shrava and kati; kātyāyana lineage, gotra, has come from this kati; hiraṇyākṣa is begotten on lady śālāvati and reṇumanta on lady reṇu sāṅkṛtyo gālavo rājan maudgalyaḥ ca iti viśrutāḥ | teṣāṁ khyātāni gotrāṇi kauśikānāṁ mahātmahām || 1-32-56 sāṅkṛtya, gālava, and maudgalya are the three well-known gotra-s, lineages, compositely famous as kaushika gotra, because they contract matrimonial alliances amongst themselves according to the distinction of presiding sages, Rishi antara vivāha... pāṇino babhravaḥ caiva dhyāna japyāḥ tathaiva ca | pārthivā devarātāḥ ca śālaṅkāyana sauśravāḥ || 1-32-57 lauhityā yāmadūtāḥ ca tathā kārīṣayaḥ smṛtāḥ | viśrutāḥ kauśikā rājan tathā anye saindhavāyanāḥ || 1-32-58 ṛṣi antara vivāhyāḥ ca kauśikā bahavaḥ smṛtāḥ | Some among most famous kaushika-s are pāṇini, babhrava, dhyāna, japa, king devarāta, śālaṅkāyana, saushrava, lauhita, yāma-dūta, like that kārīṣaya et al... saindhavāyanā-s are another set... we hear that there are numerous intermarriages among the numerous lineages of kauśikā-s according to the difference of their gotra, pravara, i.e. presiding sages and descent etc... pauravasya mahārāja brahma-ṛṣeḥ kaushikasya ha || 1-32-59 saṁbandho hi asya vaṁśe asmin brahma kṣatrasya viśrutaḥ | Then, the connexion between puru dynasty and brahma-Rishi viśvamitra is evident and famous, and from that point forward there emerged numerous brāhmaṇa-s and kśatriyas... viśvāmitra ātmajānāṁ tu śunaḥśepo'grajaḥ smṛtaḥ || 1-32-60 bhārgavaḥ kauśikatvaṁ hi prāptaḥ sa munisattamaḥ | Among the descendents of viśvamitra, sage śunaḥśepa is to be counted as number one, since that ascetic is the best example for the transference from brāhmaṇa-hood to kaushika-hood, rather kshatriya-hood... devarāta ādayaḥ ca anye viśvāmitrasya vai sutāḥ || 1-32-61 dṛṣadvatī sutaḥ cāpi viśvāmitrāt atha aṣṭakaḥ | aṣṭakasya suto lauhiḥ prokto jahnu gaṇo mayā || 1-32-62 viśvamitra had other sons too, devarāta and others... further, viśvamitra begot a son on lady dṛṣadvati whose name is aṣṭaka whose son is lauhi. So far I have described the progeny of kingly sage janhu... ājamīḍhaḥ aparaḥ vaṁśaḥ śrūyatāṁ puruṣarṣabha | ajamīḍhasya nīlinyo suśāntiḥ udapadyata || 1-32-63 puru-jātiḥ suśānteḥ tu vāhyāśvaḥ purujātitaḥ | vāhyāśva tanayāḥ paṣcha babhūvur amara upamāḥ || 1-32-64 mudgalaḥ sṛṣjayaḥ caiva rājā bṛhadiṣuḥ smṛtaḥ | yavīnaraḥ ca vikrāntaḥ kṛmila-aśvaḥ ca paṣchamaḥ ||1-32-65 Now, hear of the other descendants of ājamīḍha. He begot suśānti on his wife nīlini. From suśānti was born puru-jāti from whom vāhyāśva is born. The latter had five sons resembling the immortals. They were mudgala, sṛṣjaya, bṛhad-iṣuḥ, yavīnara and the fifth one is the powerful kṛmila-aśva... Other reading: suśānti is termed as puru-h*ti who begot bahu-ashva; with va ba yoḥ abhedaḥ, the above vāhyāśva will become bahvashva, whose sons are the above five. paṣcha ete rakṣaṇāyā alaṁ deśānām iti viśrutāḥ | paṣcānāṁ viddhi paṣcālān sphītaiḥ janapadaiḥ vṝtān || 1-32-66 alaṁ saṁrakṣaṇaṁ teṣāṁ paṣcālā iti viśrutāḥ | These five have become the protective lords of the pa~ ncāla province consisting of prosperous villages and their province came to be called as paṣcāla because their father asserted – pṣcha alam; five enough; meaning paṣcānām deśānām rakśaṇe alam; five of my sons are enough to protect the province... mudgalasya tu dāyādo maudgalyaḥ sumahāyaśāḥ || 1-32-67 sarva ete mahātmānaḥ kṣatra upetā dvijātayaḥ | ete hi aṅgirasaḥ pakṣaṁ saṁśritāḥ kaṇva maudgalāḥ || 1-32-68 mudgala's progeny is called the highly illustrious maudgalyā-s, who are all noble, twice-born and abided by the duties of kśatriyas... and these are called as kāṇwa-maudgalyā-s as they took the side of aṅgirasa... maudgalsya suto jyeṣṭho brahmarṣiḥ sumahāyaśāḥ | indraseno yato garbhaṁ vadhryaśvaṁ pratyapadyata || 1-32-69 vadhyaśvāt mithunaṁ jajṣe menakāyām iti śrutiḥ | divodāsaḥ ca rājarṣiḥ ahalyā ca yaśasvinī || 1-32-70 mudgala's eldest son is the highly illustrious brahma-saint, who through lady indra-sena, the daughter of nala, begot vadhyashva, vadhya ashva... vadhyashva begot twins on the celestial courtesan menaka... we have heard so... one of them is the royal saint divodasa and the other is the illustrious lady ahalya... śaradvatasya dāyādam ahalyā samasūyata | śatānandam ṛṣiśreṣṭhaṁ tasyāpi sumahāyaśāḥ || 1-32-71 putraḥ satya-dhṛtiḥ nāma dhanur-vedasya pāragaḥ | This lady ahalya gave birth to the son of śaradvata, aka sage gautama... and this son of ahalya is a great ascetic called śatānanda, whose son is satya-dhṛti, an expert in the science of archery... tasya satyadhṛte reto dṛṣṭvā apsarasam agrataḥ || 1-32-72 avaskannaṁ śara-staṁbe mithunaṁ samapadyata | kṛpayā tat ca jagrāha śantanuḥ mṛgayāṁ gataḥ || 1-32-73 kṛpaḥ smṛtaḥ sa vai tasmāt gautamī ca kṛpī tathā | ete śāradvatāḥ proktā ete te gautamāḥ smṛtāḥ || 1-32-74 Once an apsara lured this satyadhṛti and he ran after her to bring her round, during which chase his seed fell on reeds of straw, wherefrom a boy and a girl have came up. At that very moment king shantanu is roaming thereabout in his hunting spree, caught sight of these twins, and took them to his palace... because that king has given shelter to the twins out of compassion, kṛpa, the boy is named as kṛpa, and the girl as kṛpi... this girl is also known as gautami... so, this is about the offspring of śāradvata, aka sage gautama... ata ūrdhvaṁ pravakṣyāmi divodāsasya saṁtatim | divodāsasya dāyādo brahmarṣir mitrayuḥ nṛpaḥ || 1-32-75 maitrāyaṇaḥ tataḥ somo maitreyāḥ tu tataḥ smṛtāḥ | ete hi saṁśritāḥ pakṣaṁ kṣatra utpetāḥ tu bhārgavāḥ || 1-32-76 Next, I will speak about the progeny of divodasa... divodasa's son is the saintly king mitreyu; his son is maitrāyana; and his son is soma; this is maitreya vamsha, maitreya stock... this lineage is that of brāhmaṇa-s with the modus vivendi of kshatriya, because of their leaning towards bRhigus... bhṛgu-vamśa-pakśapāta... āsīt paṣchajanaḥ putraḥ sṛṣjayasya mahātmanaḥ | sutaḥ paṣchajanasya api somadatto mahīpatiḥ || 1-32-77 somadattasya dāyādaḥ sahadevo mahāyaśaḥ | sahadeva sutaḥ cāpi somako nāma pārthivaḥ || 1-32-78 ajamīḍhāt punar jātaḥ kṣīṇa vaṁśe tu somakaḥ | somakasya suto jantuḥ yasya putra-śataṁ babhau || 1-32-79 The line from sṛṣjaya is: sṛṣjaya --> paṣchajana --> somadatta --> sahadeva --> somaka, aka somadatta II; when the lineage of ajamīdha is dwindling, sahadeva’s father somadatta took rebirth as the son of sahadeva, and sahadeva named him as somaka, instead of calling him with his father’s name, i.e. somadatta... and somaka’s son is jantu who later sublimated into a century of sons owing to a vedic ritual of somaka... The episode of somaka and his Vedic ritual will be in vanaparva of mbh. Here ajamīḍhāt = sahadevāt. teṣāṁ yavīyān pṛṣataḥ drupadasya pitā prabhuḥ | dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ tu drupadāt dhṛṣṭaketuḥ ca tat sutaḥ || 1-32-80 ajamīḍhāḥ smṛtā hi ete mahātmānaḥ tu somakāḥ | putrāṇām ajamīḍhasya somakatvaṁ mahātmanaḥ || 1-32-81 Of the hundred sons of somaka, the youngest one is pṛṣata who is drupada's father. drupada's son is dhṛṣṭadyumna whose son is dhṛṣṭaketu... all the dynasts of ajamīḍha are termed as somakās... mahiṣī tu ajamīḍhasya dhūminī putra-gṛddhinī | tṛtīyā tava pūrveṣāṁ jananī pṛthivīpate || 1-32-82 And the third queen of ajamīḍha, O, king janamejaya, named lady dhūmini, a mother much yearned for sons, is the progenitor of all your forefathers... sā tu putra arthinī devī vrata-caryā samanvitā | tato varṣa āyutaṁ taptvā tapaḥ parama-dushcharam || 1-32-83 hutvā agniṁ vidhivat sā tu pavitra-mita-bhojanā | agni-hotra kuśeṣu eva suṣvāpa janamejaya | dhūminyā sa tayā devyā tu ajamīḍhaḥ sameyivān || 1-32-84 That lady, ever observant of vows, practised hard austerities for ten thousand years to beget a son... oh, janamejaya, she used to regularly kindle holy fire, offer oblations into it duly practising dietary discipline... she even used to repose on kusha-grass-mats near at fire-worship... at certain time ajamīḍha met her when she is in such a hallowed atmosphere... ṛkṣaṁ saṣjanayāmāsa dhūma-varṇaṁ su-darshanam | ṛkṣāt saṁvaraṇo jajṣe kuruḥ saṁvaraṇāt tathā | yaḥ prayāgāt atikramya kurukṣetraṁ cakāra ha || 1-32-85 tat vai tat sa mahābhāgo varṣāṇi subahūni atha | tapyamāne tadā shakro yatra asya varado babhau || 1-32-86 puṇyaṁ ca ramaṇīyaṁ ca puṇya kṛtbhiḥ niṣevitam | tasya anvavāyaḥ sumahān tasya nāmnā stha kauravāḥ || 1-32-87 Whereupon that lady gave birth to beautiful son named ṛkṣa whose complexion resembled the smoke of ritual fire... later ṛkṣa begot samvaraṇ, and samvaraṇa begot kuru... this king kuru forsook the city prayāga as his capital, undertook asceticism for many years, obtained boon from indra, and built the pious and pleasant city kurukṣetra, a resort for pious people... his dynasty is vast, and you all received your appellation of kauravā-s from him alone... kuroḥ ca putrāḥ catvāraḥ sudhanvā sudhanuḥ tathā | parīkṣit ca mahābāhuḥ pravaraḥ ca arim-ejayaḥ || 1-32-88 King kuru had four sons, namely, sudhanva, sudhanu, the mighty armed parīkṣit and pravara at whose name his enemies used to tremble... sudhanvanaḥ tu dāyādaḥ suhotro matimān tataḥ | cyavanaḥ tasya putraḥ tu rājā dharma-artha-kovidaḥ || 1-32-89 cyavanāt kṛta-yajṣaḥ tu iṣṭvā yajṣaḥ sa dharmavit | viśrutaṁ janayāmāsa putram indra samaṁ nṛpaḥ || 1-32-90 caidya uparicharaṁ vīraṁ vasuṁ nāma antarikṣa-gam | sudhanvana’s son is the intelligent suhotra. His son is cyavana who is well-read in the Vedas and other scriptures. cyavana's son is kṛta-yajṣa. Celebrating many sacrifices that pious king kṛta-yajṣa begat a son equal to indra in glory. He is vasu, the king of chedi-s, who could range in the sky and move about in the air. caidya-uparicarāt jajṣe girikā sapta mānavān || 1-32-91 mahāratho magadha-rāṭ vishruto yaḥ bṛhadrathaḥ | pratyagrahaḥ kuśaḥ caiva yam āhur maṇi-vāhanam || 1-32-92 mārutaḥ ca yaduḥ caiva matsyaḥ kālī ca sattamaḥ | A celestial damsel named girika gave birth to seven human offspring of uparichara-vasu, the king of chedi... one of them is bṛhadratha, who later became the king of magadha, and who is famous as a mighty chariot warrior; and the others are: pratyagraha, kusha aka maṇi-vāhana, māruta, yadu, sattama and to a lady named matsya-kāli aka matsya-gandhi, aka satyavati... bṛhadrathasya dāyādaḥ kuśāgro nāma viśrutaḥ || 1-32-93 kuśāgrasya ātmajo vidvān vṛṣabho nāma vīryavān || 1-32-94 vṛṣabhasya tu dāyādaḥ puṣpavān nāma dhārmikaḥ | dāyādaḥ tasya vikrānto rājā satyahitaḥ smṛtaḥ || 1-32-95 tasya putraḥ atha dharmātmā nāmnā ūrjaḥ tu jajṣivān | ūrjasya saṁbhavaḥ putro yasya jajṣe sa vīryavān || 1-32-96 shakale dve sa vai jāto jarayā sandhitaḥ sa tu | jarayā sandhito yasmāt jarāsandhaḥ tataḥ smṛtaḥ || 1-32 97 sarva kṣatrasya jetā asau jarāsandho mahābalaḥ | The line of princes from bṛhadratha is: bṛhadratha --> kuśāgra --> vṛṣabha --> puṣpavant --> satyahita --> ūrja --> saṁbhava... this king sambhava begot a two-piece boy whom he discarded because of his ominous features... but when a demoness named jara adjoined those two pieces they became one boy, later renowned as the foremost conqueror of all kshatriya-s, namely jara-sandha, meaning that one who is joined by jara... jarāsandhasya putro vai sahadevaḥ pratāpavān || 1-32-98 sahadeva ātmajaḥ śrīmān udāyuḥ sa mahāyaśāḥ | udāyuḥ janayāmāsa putraṁ paramadhārmikam || 1-32-99 shruta-dharma iti nāmānaṁ maghavān yaḥ avasat vibhuḥ | The line of princes from jarāsandha is: jarāsandha --> sahadeva --> udāyu --> shruta-dharma who became the king of magadha province... parīkṣitaḥ tu dāyādo dhārmiko janamejayaḥ || 1-32-100 janamejayasya dāyādaḥ traya eva mahārathāḥ | shrutasena ugrasenau ca bhīmasenaḥ ca nāmataḥ || 1-32-101 ete sarve mahābhāgā vikrāntā bala-śālinaḥ | King parīkṣit begot janamejaya, who begot three mighty chariot warriors, namely shrutasena, ugrasena, and bhīmasena... all these are highly prosperous, powerful and brave people... janamejayasya putrau tu suratho matimān tathā || 1-32-102 surathasya tu vikrāntaḥ putro jajṣe vidūrathaḥ | vidūrathasya dāyāda ṛkṣa eva mahārathaḥ || 1-32-103 dvitīyaḥ sa babhau rājā nāmnā tena eva saṁjṣitaḥ | janamejaya’s sons are two, suratha and matimān, and suratha’s son is the all-conquering vidūratha, whose son is ṛkṣa... incidentally he is the second ṛkṣa... dvau ṛkṣau tava vaṁśe asmin dvau eva tu parīkṣitau || 1-32-104 bhīmasenāḥ trayo rājan dvāveva janamejayau | O king, there are two ṛkṣā-s, two parīkṣit-s, three bhīma-senā-s and two janamejayā-s in your dynasty... ṛkṣasya tu dvitīyasya bhīmasenaḥ abhavat sutaḥ || 1-32-105 pratīpo bhīmasenasya pratīpasya tu śantanuḥ | devāpiḥ bāhlikaḥ caiva traya eva mahārathāḥ || 1-32-106 śantanoḥ prasavaḥ tu eṣa yatra jātaḥ asi pārthiva | The son of ṛkṣa II is bhīma-sena whose son is prtīpa. His sons are shantanu, devāpi and bāhlika who were alt mighty chariot-warriors... and you are the dynast of king shantanu... bāhlikasya tu rājyaṁ vai saptavāhyaṁ nareshvara || 1-32-107 bāhlikasya sutaḥ caiva somadatto mahāyaśāḥ | jajṣire somadattāt tu bhūriḥ bhūri-śravāḥ śalaḥ || 1-32-108 upādhyāyaḥ tu devānāṁ devāpiḥ abhavat muniḥ | cyavanasya kṛtaḥ putra iṣṭaḥ ca āsīt mahātmanaḥ || 1-32-109 bāhlika’s kingdom is called as sapta-vāhya, or sapta-bāhya; his son is somadatta whose sons are three: bhūri, bhūri-śrava and shalaka; devāpi became the teacher of gods by becming the fabricated dear son of cyavana... śantanuḥ tu abhavat rājā kauravāṇāṁ dhurandharaḥ | śantanoḥ saṁpravakṣyāmi yatra jāto'si pārthiva || 1-32-110 gāṅgaṁ devavrataṁ nāma putraṁ so'janayat prabhuḥ | sa tu bhīṣma iti khyātaḥ pāṇḍavānāṁ pitāmahaḥ || 1-32-111 kālī vicitravīryaṁ tu janayāmāsa bhārata | śantanoḥ dayitaṁ putraṁ dharmātmānam akalmaṣam || 1-32-112 shantanu became the foremost of the kuru kings. The family in which, O great king, you have been born is that of shantanu's dynasty. He begot a son named deva-vrata on lady ganga, who is celebrated by the name of bhīṣma, the grand-father of the pāṇḍavās... matsya-kali aka satyavati gave birth to vicitra-vīrya who is the most virtuous-souled and sinless son of king shantanu... kṛṣṇadvaipāyanaḥ caiva kṣetre vaicitravīryake | dhṛtarāṣṭraṁ ca pāṇḍuṁ ca viduraṁ ca api ajījanat || 1-32-113 dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ ca gāndhāryāṁ putrān utpādayat shatam | teṣāṁ duryodhanaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ sarveṣām eva sa prabhuḥ || 1-32-114 Sage kṛṣṇadvaipāyana caused the births of dhṛtarāṣṭra, pāṇḍu and vidura from the wife of vicitravirya... dhṛtarāṣṭra begot a hundred sons on lady gāndhāri, of whom duryodhana is the foremost one and the lord of all... pāṇḍoḥ dhanaṣjayaḥ putraḥ saubhadraḥ tasya ca ātmajaḥ | abhimanyuḥ parīkṣit tu pitā tava janeshvara || 1-32-115 pāṇḍu's son is arjuna whose son is abhimanyu, mothered by lady subhadra... oh, king janamejaya, your father parīkṣit is abhimanyu's son... eṣa te pauravo vaṁśo yatra jāto'si pārthiva | turvasoḥ tu pravakṣyāmi druhyoḥ ca anoḥ yadoḥ tathā || 1-32-116 O king, such is the account of yayāti’s dynast puru-lineage in which you have been born. I shall presently describe the families of turvasu, drahyu, anu and that of yadu likewise... sutastu turvasoḥ vahniḥ vahneḥ gobhānuḥ ātmajaḥ | gobhānoḥ tu suto rājā traisānuḥ aparājitaḥ || 1-32-117 karandhamaḥ tu traisānoḥ maruttaḥ tasya ca ātmajaḥ | anyaḥ tu āvīkṣito rājā maruttaḥ katithaḥ tava || 1-32-118 From turvasu it is--> gobhānu--> traisanu --> karandhama--> marutta... I have mentioned elsewhere about another marutta who was the son of avīkṣita... he is different... anapatyaḥ abhavat rājā yajvā vipula dakṣiṇaḥ | duhitā saṁmatā nāma tasya āsīt pṛthivīpate || 1-32-119 dakṣiṇa-arthaṁ sma vai dattā saṁvartāya mahātmane | duṣyantaṁ pauravaṁ cāpi lebhe putram akalmaṣam || 1-32-120 This king marutta, the son of karandhama, is sonless... so he performed vedic rituals involving priceless gifts... he has a daughter called damsel saṁmata; this king gave her as a donation in the vedic ritual to samvarta, the Time-god, and obtained king duṣyanta of puru race in return as putrika-putra, daughter’s son as his own son... saṁvartāya ṛtvije dattā sati; saṁvartena ca duṣyanta pitro sughorāya dattā sati; tasmāt duṣyantam putram lebhe... The son of ṭurvasu was Vahni; his son was Gob*nu; his son was ṭrai**mba; his son was Karandhama; his son was ṁarutta. ṁarutta had no children, and he therefore adopted Dushyanta, of the family of Puru; vi. pu. Wilson. evaṁ yayāteḥ śāpena jara asaṁkramaṇe tadā | pauravaṁ turvasoḥ vaṁśaḥ pravivesha nṛpottama || 1-32-121 In this way, oh best king, the dynasts of turvasu had to lean on puru dynasty owing to the malediction once denounced on his sons by king yayāti... ata eva turvasoḥ vamśaḥ, pauravam vamsham pravivesha... ....the line of ṭurvasu merged into that of Puru;This took place in consequence of the malediction denounced on his son by yayāti... duṣyantasya tu dāyādāḥ karutthāmaḥ prajeśvaraḥ | karutthāmāt tathā ākrīḍaḥ catvārastasya ca ātmajāḥ || 1-32-122 pāṇḍyaḥ ca keralaḥ caiva kolaḥ cholaḥ ca pārthivaḥ teṣāṁ janapadāḥ sphītāḥ pāṇḍyāścholāḥ sa keralāḥ || 1-32-123 duṣyanta’s son is the king karutthāma whose son is ākrīḍa who had four sons namely pāṇḍya, kerala, kola, and chola, and the prosperous provinces of pāṇḍya, kerala, kola, and chola took their names after those princess... duṣyantasya śakuntalāyām bharataḥ; anyasyām bhāryāyām karutthāma ca āsīt iti arthaḥ... druhyoḥ ca tanayo rājan babhruḥ setuḥ ca pārthivaḥ | aṅgāra setuḥ tat putro marutāṁ patiḥ ucyate || 1-32-124 yauvanāśvena samare kṛcchreṇa nihato balī | yuddhaṁ sumahat asya āsīt māsān pari catur-daśa || 1-32-125 aṅgārasya tu dāyādo gāndhāro nāma bhārata | khyāyate tasya nāmnā vai gāndhāra viṣayo mahān || 1-32-126 gāndhāra-deśa-jāḥ caiva turagā vājināṁ varāḥ | O king, drahyu's sons are babhru and setu, while setu's son is angāra who is said to be the lord of maruts... this angāra-setu is slain at the hand of the son of māndhāta, the son of yavanāśva in a battle conducted for fourteen months... angāra-setu’s dynasts are the famous gāndhāra people and the gāndhāra province came to limelight because of him, and the horses bred in this gāndhāra are the best... angāra's son is gāndhāra who established gāndhāra province. Prior to this angāra is said to be a nomadic in desert lands, maru bhūmi-s, training nomadic fighters on horseback - turaga āroha kuśalāḥ, with whom he attacked māndhāta and failed. anoḥ tu putro dharmaḥ abhūt dhṛtaḥ tasya ātmajaḥ abhavat || 1-32-127 dhṛtāt tu duduhaḥ jajṣe prachetāḥ tasya ca ātmajaḥ | prachetasaḥ suchetāḥ tu kīrtitaḥ hi anavaḥ mayā || 1-32-128 Lineage of King anu is: anu --> dharma --> dhṛta --> duduha --> pracheta --> sucheta... thus, I have described the family of anu... suchetasa has hundred sons; all the dynasts of anu have become non-confirmists of vedic canons - dharma virahitā-s; they became the lords of mleccha provinces, and collectively called as mleccās. yadoḥ vaṁśaṁ pravakṣyāmi jyeṣṭhasya uttama-tejasaḥ | vistareṇa ānupūrvyāt tu gadato me niśāmaya || 1-32-129 Now listen to me while I describe at length the most excellent and powerful family of yadu, the eldest son of yayāti... --o)0(o-- iti śrīmahābhārate khileṣu harivaṁśe harivaṁśaparvaṇi puruvaṁśa anukīrtane dvātriṁśo'dhyāyaḥ Thus, this is the thirty-second chapter of first canto called harivamsha-parva, in harivamśa-purāṇa, the sequel of mahābhārata, narrating puru dynasty.