Parva 2 Chapter 32: atha dvātriṁśo'dhyāyaḥ ugrasenābhiṣekaḥ - Coronation of Ugrasena

vaiśampāyana said: ugrasena, grieving, approached kṛṣṇa. Due to the sorrow of the (dead) son, he was faltering like a person who has consumed poison. sa dadarsha gṛhe kṛṣṇaṁ yādavaiḥ parivāritam | He saw kṛṣṇa in the house, surrounded by yādavas. paścānutāpāddhyāyantaṁ kaṁsasya nidhanāvilam ||2-32-2 kaṁsanārīvilāpāṁścha śrutvā sa karuṇānbahūn | garhamāṇastathātmānaṁ tasminyādavasaṁsadi ||2-32-3 Thinking about the killing of kaṁsa and hearing the highly miserable laments of the women of kaṁsa, kṛṣṇa was repenting and blaming himself in that assembly of yādavas. aho mayātibālyena roṣāddoṣānuvartinā | vaidhavyaṁ strīsahasrāṇāṁ kaṁsasyāsya vadhe kṛtam ||2-32-4 Alas! Due to my childishness, anger and hatred, I have caused widowhood to the thousands of women of kaṁsa by killing kaṁsa. kāruṇyaṁ khalu nārīṣu prākṛtasyāpi jāyate | Even an un-cultured person will have pity on women. evamārtaṁ rudantīṣu mayā bhartari pātite ||2-32-5 paridevitamatreṇa śokaḥ khalu vidhīyate | kṛtāntasyānabhijṣānāṁ strīṇāṁ kāruṇyasaṁbhavaḥ ||2-32-6 By killing their husband, I am causing sorrow for those women who are crying pitifully. The sorrow increases by lamenting. Even the lord of death would feel pity on hearing the miserable laments of women. kaṁsasya hi vadhaḥ śreyānprāgevābhimato mama | satāmudvejanīyasya pāpeṣvabhiratasya ca ||2-32-7 From the beginning, my opinion was that it would be best to kill kaṁsa, who was engaged in sinful actions, causing anxiety to good people. loke patitavrṛttasya paruṣasyālpamedhasaḥ | akliṣṭaṁ maraṇaṁ śreyo na vidviṣṭasya jīvitam ||2-32-8 For people who are sinful, cruel and of low intelligence, an easy death is best instead of a distressed life in this world. kaṁsaḥ pāpaparaścaiva sādhūnāmapyasaṁmataḥ | dhikchabdapatitaścaiva jīvite cāsya kā dayā ||2-32-9 kaṁsa is full of sins. He is not acceptable to good people. He is cursed by all. Why should there be mercy on his life? svarge tapobhṛtāṁ vāsaḥ phalaṁ puṇyasya karmaṇaḥ | ihāpi yaśasā yuktaḥ svargasthairavadhāryate ||2-32-10 Those who do pious activities obtain a life of penance in heaven. Those who are famous here are also respected in heaven. yadi syurnirvṛtā lokāḥ syushcha dharmaparāḥ prajāḥ | narā dharmapravṛttāścha na rājṣāmanayaḥ spṛśet ||2-32-11 If all are satisfied, if the subjects are engaged in good activities and if men perform good work, the king has no reason to perform sinful actions. nigrahe duṣṭavṛttīnāṁ kṛtāntaḥ kurute phalam | iṣṭadharmeṣu lokeṣu kartavyaṁ pāralaukikam ||2-32-12 The lord of death, pleased, will reward the killing of sinful people. All should perform their duties in the right way so that life in the next world is comfortable. atīva devā rakṣanti naraṁ dharmaparāyaṇam | kartāraḥ sulabhā loke duṣkṛtasya hi karmaṇaḥ ||2-32-13 deva-s will protect the rightful people to the most. There are many people in the world who do sinful actions. hataḥ so'yaṁ mayā kaṁsaḥ sādhvetadavagamyatām | mūlacchedaḥ kṛtastasya viparītasya karmaṇaḥ ||2-32-14 kaṁsa is killed by me. Consider it as good. I have severed the roots of his sinful actions. tadeṣa sāntvyatāṁ sarvaḥ śokārtaḥ pramadājanaḥ | paurāścha puryāṁ śreṇyaścha sāntvyantāṁ sarva eva hi ||2-32-15 Hence pacify all the women who are lamenting by sorrow. Pacify all the citizens of the city as well. evaṁ bruvati govinde viveśāvanatānanaḥ | ugraseno yadūngṛhya putrakilbiṣaśaṅkitaḥ ||2-32-16 As govinda (kṛṣṇa) was speaking like this, ugrasena, with his face lowered, arrived along with yādavas. He was anxious due to his son's sinful actions. sa kṛṣṇaṁ puṇḍarīkākṣamuvāca yadusaṁsadi | bāṣpasaṁdigdhayā vācā dīnayā sajjamānayā ||2-32-17 In that assembly of yādava-s, he spoke to kṛṣṇa with lotus eyes. His words were faltering, tearful and pathetic. putro niryāpitaḥ krodhānnīto yāmyāṁ diśaṁ ripuḥ | svadharmādhigatā kīrtirnāma viśrāvitaṁ bhuvi ||2-32-18 You killed my son due to anger. You have sent your enemy in the direction of death. You attained fame by doing your duty and made your name famous on earth. sthāpitaṁ satsu māhātmyaṁ śaṅkitā ripavaḥ kṛtāḥ | sthāpito yādavo vaṁśo garvitāḥ suhṛdaḥ kṛtāḥ ||2-32-19 You established the greatness of good men. You made the enemies anxious. You reinstalled the yādava race. You made your friends proud. sāmanteṣu narendreṣu pratāpaste prakāśitaḥ | mitrāṇi tvāṁ bhajiṣyanti saṁśrayiṣyanti pārthivāḥ ||2-32-20 You exhibited superiority to the subordinate kings. Your friends will serve you. Kings will depend on you. prakṛtayo'nuyāsyanti stoṣyanti tvāṁ dvijātayaḥ | saṁdhivigrahamukhyāstvāṁ praṇamiṣyanti mantriṇaḥ ||2-32-21 The citizens will support you. The brāhmaṇa-s will praise you. The ministers, who are in the forefront of peace and war, will bow to you. hastyaśvarathasaṁpūrṇaṁ padātigaṇasaṅkulam | pratigṛhāṇa kṛṣṇedaṁ kaṁsasya balamavyayam ||2-32-22 kṛṣṇa! Here are the vast forces of kaṁsa consisting of elephants, horses, chariots and infantry. Please take charge of the same. dhanaṁ dhānyaṁ ca yatkiṣcidratnānyāccādanāni ca | pratīcchantu niyuktā vai tvadīyāḥ kṛṣṇa pūruṣāḥ ||2-32-23 striyo hiraṇyaṁ yānāni yadanyadvasu kiṣchana | kṛṣṇa! Your men should take charge of all the wealth, food grains, jewels, clothes, women, gold, vehicles and others as ordered and directed. evaṁ hi vihite yoge paryāpte kṛṣṇa vigrahe ||2-32-24 pratiṣṭhitāyāṁ medinyāṁ yadūnāṁ śatrusūdana | As it is desired by fate, as the war ends, kriṣṇa, O killer of enemies, as you establish this earth for yādava-s, tvaṁ gatiścāgatiścaiva yadūnāṁ yadunandana ||3-32-25 O son of yadu! You are the only shelter of yādavas. śṛṇuṣva vadatāṁ vīra kṛpaṇānāmidaṁ vacaḥ | O valiant! Kindly hear these words spoken by the miserable men. asya tvatkopadagdhasya kaṁsasyāśubhakarmaṇaḥ ||2-32-26 tava prasādādgovinda pretakāryaṁ kriyeta ha | Govinda (kṛṣṇa)! The funeral rites of kaṁsa who did wicked actions and who was burned in the fire of your anger, may now be performed with your mercy. tasya kṛtvā narendrasya vipannasyaurdhvadehikam ||2-32-27 sasnuṣo'haṁ sabhāryaścha chariṣyāmi mṛgaiḥ saha | After performing the funeral rites of the king who is dead, along with my wives and daughters-in-law, I will retire to the forest in penance. pretasatkāramātreṇa kṛte bāndhavakarmaṇi ||2-32-28 ānṛṇyaṁ laukikaṁ kṛṣṇa gatāḥ kila bhavanti hi | By performing the funeral rites of a relative, kṛṣṇa, all the worldly obligations are completed. tasyāgniṁ paśchimaṁ kṛtvā chitisthāne vidhānataḥ | toyapradānamātreṇa kaṁsasyānṛṇyamāpnuyām ||2-32-29 By preparing the funeral pyre as prescribed and offering oblations of water, I will complete all my obligations to kaṁsa. etatte kṛṣṇa vijṣāpyaṁ sneho'tra mayi yujyatām | prāpnoti sugatiṁ tatra kṛpaṇaḥ paśchimāṁ kriyām ||2-32-30 kṛṣṇa! This is my request. Have affection to me. By performing the funeral rites, the miserable (departed) soul will attain an exalted destination. etacchrutvā vacastasya kṛṣṇaḥ paramavismitaḥ | pratyuvācograsenaṁ vai sāntvapūrvamidaṁ vacaḥ ||2-32-31 Hearing these words, kṛṣṇa was highly astonished. Kṛṣṇa replied to ugrasena with these comforting words. kālayuktāmidaṁ tāta tavatadyatprabhāṣitam | sadṛśaṁ rājaśārdūla vṛttasya ca kulasya ca ||2-32-32 O Father! Your words spoken in this manner are suitable for the occasion. O Tiger among kings! Your words are suitable for your character and race. yattvamevaṁvidho brūṣe gate'rthe duratikrame | prāpsyate nṛpasatkāraṁ kaṁsaḥ pretagato'pi san ||2-32-33 This was destined to happen. O king! kaṁsa will attain an exalted destination even though he is dead. kule mahati te janma vedānviditavānasi | kathaṁ na jṣāyate tāta niyatirduratikramā ||2-32-34 Father! You are born in a great race. You know the vedas. Fate has decided this to happen. sthāvarāṇāṁ ca bhūtānāṁ jaṅgamānāṁ ca pārthiva | pūrvajanmakṛtaṁ karma kālena paripacyate ||2-32-35 O King! For the fixed and movable beings, the actions of earlier lives fructify with time. śrutavanto'rthavantaścha dātāraḥ priyadarśanāḥ | brahmaṇyā nayasaṁpannā dīnānugrahakāriṇaḥ ||2-32-36 O great king! All those kings, the scholars, the wealthy, the caritable, the handsome, those devoted to brāhmin-s, those who rule rightly, those who are kind to miserable people, lokapālasamāstāta mahendrasamavikramāḥ | kṣitipālāḥ kṛtāntena nīyante nṛpasattama ||2-32-37 those who are equal to the protectors of the world (lokapāla), those who are equally valiant as mahendra, are taken away by the lord of death. dhārmikāḥ sarvabhāvajṣāḥ prajāpālanatatparāḥ | kṣatradhamaparā dāntāḥ kālena nidhanaṁ gatāḥ ||2-32-38 The religious, those who know all states, those who are interested in the well being of the subjects, those who maintain the kṣatra dharma, those who are restrained - all have gone, killed by time. svayamātmakṛtaṁ karma śubhaṁ vā yadi vāśubham | prāpte kāle tu tatkarma dṛśyate sarvadehinām ||2-32-39 All beings can see the result of a good or bad action performed, with the progress of time. eṣā hyantarhitā māyā durvijṣeyā surairapi | yathāyaṁ muhyate loko hyatra karmaiva kāraṇam ||2-32-40 This is the illusion concealed within, which even the deva-s can not comprehend. The world is confused by this. Action is the only reason here. kālenābhihataḥ kaṁsaḥ pūrvakarmaprachoditaḥ | na hyahaṁ kāraṇaṁ tatra kālaḥ karma ca kāraṇam ||2-32-41 Prompted by his earlier actions, kaṁsa was killed by the time only. I am not the reason. Time and action are the reasons. sūryasomamayaṁ tāta kṛtsnaṁ sthāvarajaṅgamam | kālena nidhanam gatvā kālenaiva ca jāyate ||2-32-42 Father! The fixed and movable world, pervaded by the sun and the moon is killed by time and born due to time. sa kālaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ nigrahānugrahe rataḥ | tasmātsarvāṇi bhūtāni kālasya vaśagāni vai ||2-32-43 That time is engaged in the killing and blessing of all beings. Hence all beings are controlled by time. svadoṣeṇaiva dagdhasya sūnostava narādhipa | nāhaṁ vai kāraṇaṁ tatra kālastatra ca kāraṇam ||2-32-44 O king! Your son was killed by his own faults. I am not the reason (for his death). Time is the only reason. atha vāhaṁ bhaviṣyāmi kāraṇaṁ nātra saṁśayaḥ | parāyaṇaparaḥ kālaḥ kiṁ kariṣyatyakāraṇaḥ ||2-32-45 Or else, there is no doubt that I am the only reason. Why should the time, which is interested in the final destination, do something without any reason? kālastu balavānrājandurvijṣeyā hi sā gatiḥ | parāvaraviśeśajṣā yāṁ yānti samadarśinaḥ ||2-32-46 O king! Time is powerful. Its progress, understood by those who are knowledgeable about the distant and near and those who see all equally, is difficult to comprehend. gatiḥ kālasya sā yena sarvaṁ kālasya gocharam | bravīmi yadahaṁ tāta tadanuṣṭhīyatāṁ vacaḥ ||2-32-47 That is the progress of time. In this world, everything is controlled by time. Father! please do as I tell you. na hi rājyena me kāryaṁ nāpyahaṁ nṛpa kāṅkṣitaḥ | na cāpi rājyalubdhena mayā kaṁso nipātitaḥ ||2-32-48 I have no interest in the kingdom, nor I am interested to become king. I killed kaṁsa not because I wanted the kingdom. kiṁ tu lokahitārthāya kīrtyarthaṁ ca sutastava | vyaṅgabhūtaḥ kulasyāsya sānujo vinipātitaḥ ||2-32-49 I killed your son, a disgrace to your race, along with his brother for the benefit of the world and for fame. ahaṁ sa eva gomadhye gopaiḥ saha vanecharaḥ | prītimānvichariṣyāmi kāmacārī yathā gajaḥ |2-32-50 I will wander happily along with gopa-s living in the forest, surrounded by cows, as I wish, like an elephant. etāvacchataśo'pyevaṁ satyenaitadbravīmite | na me kāryaṁ nṛpatvena vijṣāpyaṁ kriyatāmidam ||2-32-51 I repeat these words as truth spoken by me. I declare that I have no use of kingship. Please do as I told you. bhavānrājāstu mānyo me yadūnāmagraṇīḥ prabhuḥ | vijayāyābhiṣicyasva svarājye nṛpasattama ||2-32-52 You, the respected and foremost lord among the yādava-s will be the king. O the best among kings, please be crowned as the king of your land for victory. yadi te matpriyaṁ kāryaṁ yadi vā nāsti te vyathā | mayā nisṛṣṭaṁ rājyaṁ svaṁ cirāya pratigṛhyatām ||2-32-53 If you do what I like and if you have no anguish, please accept your land given by me for long. vaiśampāyana uvāca etacchrutvā tu vacanaṁ nottaraṁ pratyabhāṣata | vaiśampāyana said: Hearing these words, he (ugrasena) did not reply anything in answer. vrīḍitādhomukhaṁ taṁ tu rājānaṁ yadusaṁsadi ||2-32-54 abhiṣekena govindo yojayāmāsa dharmavit | govinda (kṛṣṇa), well versed in dharma, performed abhṣeka of the king who kept his head lowered due to shame, in the assembly of yādavas. sa baddhamukuṭaḥ śrīmānugraseno mahādyutiḥ | cakāra saha kṛṣṇena kaṁsasya nidhanakriyām ||2-32-55 ugrasena of great splendour, his head decorated with the crown, along with kṛṣṇa, performed the funeral rites of kaṁsa. taṁ sarve yādavā mukhyā rājānaṁ kṛṣṇaśāsanāt | anujagmuḥ purīmārge devā iva shatakratum ||2-32-56 All the yādava leaders, as ordered by kṛṣṇa, followed the king to the entrance of the city, as deva-s follow shatakratu (indra). rajanyām tu nivṛttāyāṁ tataḥ sūrye virājite | paśchimaṁ kaṁsasaṁskāraṁ cakruste yadupuṅgavāḥ ||2-32-57 As the night passed and the sun rose the next day, the leaders of the yādava-s performed the last funeral rites of kaṁsa. śibikāyāmathāropya kaṁsadehaṁ yathākramam | naiṣṭhikena vidhānena cakruste kaṁsasatkriyām ||2-32-58 Keeping the body of kaṁsa on a funeral pyre as per the custom, they performed the funeral rites of kaṁsa as ordained. sa nīto yamunātīramuttamaṁ nṛpateḥ sutaḥ | satkṛtaścha yathānyāyaṁ naidhanena chitāgninā ||2-32-59 Taking the body of the son of the best king to the banks of yamunā, the rites were performed by lighting the funeral pyre. tathaiva bhrātaraṁ cāsya sunāmānaṁ mahābhujam | samskāraṁ lambhayāmāsuḥ saha kṛṣṇena yādavāḥ ||2-32-60 In the same way, the yādava-s, along with kṛṣṇa, performed the funeral rites of kaṁsa's brother sunāma, of great arms. tābhyāṁ te salilaṁ cakrurvṛṣṇyandhakapurogamāḥ | akṣayaṁ cāṣtu pretebhyo bhāṣamāṇāḥ punaḥ punaḥ ||2-32-61 The leaders of vṛṣṇi-s and andhaka-s offered water to the funeral pyre of both the brothers and repeated saying: Let there be eternal (peace) to the departed souls. hiraṇyasya suvarṇasya daśakoṭīstathā hariḥ | gāvo ratnāni vāsāṁsi grāmānnagarasaṁmatān ||2-32-62 dadau kaṁsaṁ samuddishya brāhmaṇebhyo nṛpottamaḥ | O the best among kings (janamejaya)! Hundred million gold coins, cows, jewels, clothes, villages and towns were given away to the brāhmaṇa-s in the name of kaṁsa. akṣayaṁ cāpi viprebhyo bhāṣamāṇāḥ punaḥ punaḥ ||2-32-63 They repeated saying: Let there be eternal (prosperity) to the Brahmins. tayoste salilaṁ dattvā yādavā dīnamānasāḥ | puraskṛtyograsenaṁ vai viviśurmathurāṁ purīm || 2-32-64 The yādava-s led by ugrasena with a grieving mind, offered water (to the departed souls) and returned to the city of mathurā. iti śrīmahābhārate khileṣu harivaṁśe viṣṇuparvaṇi ugrasenābhiṣekakaṁsasaṁskārakathane dvātriṁśo'dhyāyaḥ Thus this is the thirty-second chapter of viṣṇuparva of harivaṁśa, khila of śrimahābhārata, coronation of ugrasena. nīlakaṇṭha commentary dvatriṁśe'sminnathādhyāye rājṣo vijṣāptirucyate | ugrasenābhiṣekaścha kaṁsasaṁskārapūrvakaḥ || 1 || · 2-32-1 ugrasenaḥ viṣapītaḥ pītaviṣaḥ || · 2-32-2 paścānutāpāt paścāttāpāccāndasastakāralopaḥ || · 2-32-3 tasmin tasyām || · 2-32-6 strīṇāṁ paridevitamātreṇa kritānatasyāpi shoko vidhīyata iti yojanā || · 2-32-10 svargasthaistulya iti śeṣaḥ || · 2-32-11 rājṣāṁ nṛpān || · 2-32-12 kurute dadāti || · 2-32-14 viparītasya pāpasya || · 2-32-23 pratīcchantu aṅgīkurvantu || · 2-32-39 dṛśyate bhogenānubhūyate || · 2-32-45 pārāyaṇaparaḥ parasya karmaṇo'yanaṁ gamanaṁ tatparastadadhīnaḥ kālo'pi karmādhīnaḥ tena svakarmaṇaivāyaṁ mṛta ityarthaḥ | ahaṁ tu nimittamātraṁ śastravaditi bhāvaḥ | yathoktam "svakarmaiva naraṁ hanti na śastraripumṛtyavaḥ | na bhetavyaṁ na vā sabhyaṁ chorahatyāvalambate || iti · 2-32-46 sā gatiḥ yā kālātparā mokṣarūpā || · 2-32-47 yena karmaṇā tat vacaḥ vacanapratipādyaṁ karmānuṣṭhīyatām || · 2-32-48 kāṅkṣitaḥ kāṅkṣā saṣjāta yasya tādṛśaḥ || · 2-32-54 vrīḍitaścāsau adhomukhashcha tam || · 2-32-56 purīmārge purapraveśamārge || iti śrīharivaṁśe viṣṇuparvaṇi tīkāyāṁ dvātriṁśo'dhyāyaḥ ||