Parva 2 Chapter 58: dvāravatīnagaranirmāṇam - building the city of dvāravati

vaiśampāyana said: (O janamejaya!) Afterwards, in the (early) morning, devoid of impurities, as the sun was rising, the lord of sages (kṛṣṇa) performed the morning rituals and sat in the interior forest. paricakrāma taṁ deśaṁ durgasthānadidṛkṣayā | upatasthuḥ kulaprāgryā yādavā yadunandanam ||2-58-2 Then he roamed in the area to see a suitable place for the fortress. The leaders of the yādava race were also present along with the son of yadu (kṛṣṇa). rohiṇyāmahani śreṣṭhe svasti vācya dvijottamān | puṇyāhaghoṣairvipulairdurgasyārabdhavānkriyām ||2-58-3 On the best auspicious day, under the asterism of rohiṇi, with the auspicious words pronounced by the best of brāhmins, the activities for the construction of the fort started with a grand purification ceremony. tataḥ paṅkajapatrākṣo yādavānkeśisūdanaḥ | provāca vadatāṁ śreṣṭho devānvṛtraripuryathā ||2-58-4 Then the slayer of keshi (kṛṣṇa) with eyes beautiful as the leaves of lotus flower, the best among speakers, spoke to yādava-s, like the enemy of vṛtra (indra) speaks to devas. kalpiteyaṁ mayā bhūmiḥ paśyadhvaṁ devasadmavat | nāma cāsyāḥ kṛtaṁ puryāḥ khyātiṁ yadupayāsyati ||2-58-5 (kṛṣṇa said:) Look at this land selected by me. It is like heaven. I have also assigned a name for the city by which it will be famous. iyaṁ dvāravatī nāma pṛthivyāṁ nirmitā mayā | bhaviṣyati purī ramyā śakrasyevāmarāvatī ||2-58-6 This city made by me on the earth, named dvāravatī (city with gates) will be marvellous like the city, amarāvatī of śakra (indra). tānyevāsyāḥ kārayiṣye chihnānyāyatanāni ca | catvārānrājamārgāṁścha samyagantaḥpurāṇi ca ||2-58-7 I will also get symbols, houses, four cross squares, royal paths and complete quarters for women, made. devā ivātra modantu bhavanto vigatajvarāḥ | bādhamānā ripūnugrānugrasenapurogamāḥ ||2-58-8 All of you, starting with ugrasena, conquering the enemies, shall enjoy without any concern, like devas. gṛhyantāṁ veśmavāstūni kalpyantāṁ trikachatvarāḥ | mīyantāṁ rājamārgāścha prāsādasya ca yā gatiḥ ||2-58-9 Take household items, make three cross junctions, measure the royal paths and the paths for buildings. preṣyantāṁ śilpimukhyānāṁ yuktānāṁ veshmakarmasu | niyujyantāṁ ca deśeṣu preṣyakarmakarā janāḥ ||2-58-10 Send for expert builders suited for construction of houses. Send men to places for getting workers. evamukte tu yadavo gṛhasaṅgrahatatparāḥ | yathāniveśaṁ saṁhṛṣṭāścakrurvāstuparigraham ||2-58-11 (vaiśampāyana said: O janamejaya !) The yādava-s interested in constructing the houses were told thus. Happily they started with the construction work. sūtrahastāstato mānaṁ cakruryādavasattamāḥ | puṇye'hani mahārāja dvijātīnabhipūjya ca ||2-58-12 Having threads in their hands, the excellent yādava-s took measurements (of the city). On this auspicious day, O great king (janamejaya)! (vaiśampāyana said) they required (some brāhmins) (Note 1) vāstudaivatakarmāṇi vidhinā kārayanti ca | sthapatīnatha govindastatrovāca mahāmatiḥ ||2-58-13 to perform the rites for the deities of the site according to the rules. Then the very wise govinda (kṛṣṇa) told the architects: asmadarthe suvihitaṁ kriyatāmatra mandiram | viviktacatvārapathaṁ suniviṣṭeṣṭadaivatam ||2-58-14 In this place, (there) must be built for all of us a palace, well planned with cross roads and well ordered highways, in which our selected deities can be installed. te tatheti mahābāhumuktvā sthapatayastadā | durgakarmāṇi saṁskārānupakalpya yathāvidhi ||2-58-15 Having given their agreements to this long armed (kṛṣṇa), the architects provided all the materials necessary for building of the fortress according to the rules. yathānyāyaṁ nirmimire durgāṇyāyatanāni ca | sthānāni nidadhuścātra brahmādīnāṁ yathākramam ||2-58-16 They measured the gates and buildings properly and laid the seats for brahma and so forth in the proper order. apāmagneḥ sureshasya dṛṣadolūkhalasya ca | cāturdaivāni catvāri dvārāṇi nidadhushcha te ||2-58-17 śuddhākṣamaindraṁ bhallāṭaṁ puṣpadantaṁ tathaiva ca | They made four gates for the four deities - water(god), fire(god), lord of devs-s (indra) and millstone and mortar, namely śuddākṣa, indra, bhallāṭa and puṣpadanta. teṣu veshmasu yukteṣu yādaveṣu mahātmasu ||2-58-18 As the yādavās having great souls were engaged in the construction, puryāḥ kṣipraṁ niveśārthaṁ cintayāmāsa mādhavaḥ | tasya daivotthitā buddhirvimalā kṣiprakāriṇī ||2-58-19 mādhava (kṛṣṇa) thought about quick construction of the city. Then a divine idea leading to quick construction occurred to him. puryāḥ priyakarī sā vai yadūnāmabhivarddhinī | shilpimukhyastu devānāṁ prajāpatisutaḥ prabhuḥ ||2-58-20 viśvakarmā svamatyā vai purīṁ saṁsthāpayiṣyati | The city, likely to fulfill all the yādava-s wishes and leading to their progress, shall be made by, the best architect of deva-s, the lord, son of prajāpati, viśvakarma, out of his mind. manasā samanudhyāya tasyāgamanakāraṇāt | tridaśābhimukhaḥ kṛṣṇo vivikte samapadyata ||2-58-21 For him (viśvakarma) to come, contemplating in his mind, kṛṣṇa stood alone facing the devas. tasminneva tataḥ kāle śilpācāryo mahāmatiḥ | viśvakarmā suraśreṣṭhaḥ kṛṣṇasya pramukhe sthitaḥ ||2-58-22 At that moment itself, the preceptor of architects, visvakarmā, the best among deva-s, having great intellect, stood before kṛṣṇa. viśvakarmovāca śakreṇa preṣitaḥ kṣipraṁ tava viṣṇo dhṛtavrata | kiṅkaraḥ samanuprāptaḥ śādhi māṁ kiṁ karomi te ||2-58-23 viśvakarma said: O Viṣṇu (kṛṣṇa)! One who is firmly resolute! Quickly sent by śakra (indra), I have come here as your servant. Tell me what should I do. yathāsau devadevo me śaṅkaraścha yathāvyayaḥ | tathā tvaṁ deva mānyo me viśeṣo nāsti vaḥ prabho ||2-58-24 O deva! You are the same as, the god of gods, the one without any decline, śaṅkara (shiva) is, to me. O lord! There is no difference between both of you. trailokyajṣāpikāṁ vācamutsṛjasva mahābhuja | eṣo'smi paridṛṣṭārthaḥ kiṁ karomi praśādhi mām ||2-58-25 O the one with great arms (kṛṣṇa)! Speak the words for all the three worlds to know. I can see the matter. Tell me what shall I do. śrutvā vinītaṁ vacanaṁ keshavo viśvakarmaṇaḥ | pratyuvāca yaduśreṣṭhaḥ kaṁsāriratulaṁ vacaḥ ||2-58-26 (vaiśampāyana said: O janamejaya!) Hearing the humble words of viśvakarma, the best among yadu-s, the enemy of kaṁsa (kṛṣṇa) spoke these words in reply. śrutārtho devaguhyasya bhavānyatra vayaṁ sthitāḥ | avaśyaṁ tviha kartavyaṁ sadanaṁ me surottama ||2-58-27 (kṛṣṇa said) You are knowledgeable about the meaning of secret of devas. We are living here. O the best among deva-s! It is essentially your duty to construct a house for me here. tadiyaṁ pūḥ prakāśārthaṁ niveśyā mayi suvrata | matprabhāvānurūpaiścha gṛhaiścheyaṁ samantataḥ ||2-58-28 O one who is resolute! Construct a city for me, suitable to my splendour, along with houses showing your skill. uttamā ca pṛthivyāṁ vai yathā svarge'marāvatī | tatheyaṁ hi tvayā kāryā shakto hyasi mahāmate ||2-58-29 Your work is to construct this city as the best on earth, like amarāvatī in heaven. O one with great intellect, you are capable of doing that. mama sthānamidaṁ kāryaṁ yathā vai tridive tathā | martyāḥ pashyantu me lakṣmīṁ puryā yadukulasya ca ||2-58-30 Make this place of mine as it is in heaven. Let men see my city, the seat of prosperity of the yadu race. evamuktastataḥ prāha viśvakarmā matīśvaraḥ | kṛṣṇamakliṣṭakarmāṇaṁ devāmitravināśanam ||2-58-31 (vaiśampāyana said: O janamejaya !) Hearing this, viśvakarma, the lord of intellect told kṛṣṇa, who performed difficult tasks, the destroyer of enemies of devas. sarvametatkariṣyāmi yattvayābhihitaṁ prabho | purī tviyaṁ janasyāsya na paryāptā bhaviṣyati ||2-58-32 (viśvakarma said) O lord! I will do all this as you wish. This area of city will be insufficient for your people. bhaviṣyati ca vistīrṇā vṛddhirasyāstu śobhanā | catvāraḥ sāgarā hyasyāṁ vichariṣyanti rūpiṇaḥ ||2-58-33 This (city) will be enlarged, prosperity will be a beauty of this (city). In this (city) all four oceans, in their form, will roam freely, yadīcchetsāgaraḥ kiṁchidutkraṣṭumapi toyarāṭ | tataḥ svāyatalakṣaṇyā purī syātpuruṣottamā ||2-58-34 if the king of water desires to leave some space, O the best among men!, then the city, all along will be proper with all good signs. evamuktastataḥ kṛṣṇaḥ prāgeva kṛtaniśchayaḥ | sāgaraṁ saritāṁ nāthamuvāca vadatāṁ varaḥ ||2-58-35 (vaiśampāyana said: O janamejaya !) Hearing what was said, kṛṣṇa, the best among speakers, who had already decided, spoke to the ocean, the lord of rivers. samudra daśa ca dve ca yojanāni jalāśaye | pratisaṁhriyatāmātmā yadyasti mayi mānyatā ||2-58-36 O Ocean! Please leave (a place of) ten and two (twelve) yojanā-s (one yojana= 9 miles) in your self, if you respect me. avakāśe tvayā datte purīyaṁ māmakaṁ balam | paryāptaviṣayā raṁyā samagraṁ visahiṣyati ||2-58-37 With the place given by you, this city will be sufficient to support my entire army. tataḥ kṛṣṇasya vacanaṁ śrutvā nadanadīpatiḥ | sa mārutena yogena utsasarja jalāśayam ||2-58-38 Hearing the words of kṛṣṇa, the lord of rivers, combined with the help of wind, left the place (occupied by) the water body. viśvakarmā tataḥ prītaḥ puryāḥ saṁlakṣya vāstu tat | govinde caiva sanmānaṁ kṛtavānsāgarastadā ||2-58-39 Then viśvakarma was pleased seeing the site for the city. The ocean showed high respect for govinda (kṛṣṇa). viśvakarmā tataḥ kṛṣṇamuvāca yadunanadanam | adyaprabhṛti govinda sarve samadhirohata ||2-58-40 Then viśvakarma spoke to kṛṣṇa, the son of yadus. Govinda (kṛṣṇa)! From today itself, let all occupy the residences. manasā nirmitā cheyaṁ mayā pūḥ pravarā vibho | achireṇaiva kālena gṛhasaṁbādhamālinī ||2-58-41 O lord! I have already made this great city conceptually with my mind without any delay of time. Decorated with houses, bhaviṣyati purī ramyā sudvārā prāgryatoraṇā | chayāṭṭālakakeyūrā pṝthivyāṁ kakudopamā ||2-58-42 and beautified by good arches, gates and an assembly of watch towers like bracelets worn on the upper arm, this city will be comparable to a an ensign (symbol of royalty) of (goddess) earth. antaḥpuraṁ ca kṛṣṇasya paricaryākṣayaṁ mahat | cakāra tasyāṁ puryāṁ vai deshe tridaśapūjite ||2-58-43 For attending to kṛṣṇa, a large women's quarters was also made in the city at a place worshipped by the gods. tataḥ sā nirmitā kāntā purī dvāravatī tadā | mānasena prayatnena vaiṣṇavīḥ viśvakarmaṇā ||2-58-44 Then the beautiful city, the city of gates (dvāravatī) of viṣṇu was marvelously made by viśvakarma by his mental efforts. vidhānavihitadvārā prākāravaraśobhitā | parikhācayasaṁguptā sāṭṭaprākāratoraṇā ||2-58-45 The best walls of the fort shined with sculptured doors along with trenches, door frames and archways. kāntanārīnaragaṇā vaṇigbhirupaśobhitā | nānāpaṇyagaṇākīrṇā khecharīva ca gāṁ gatā ||2-58-46 With beautiful women, men and merchants along with varieties of commodities as though the sky-travellers (birds) have come down on earth prapāvāpīprasannodā udyānairupaśobhitā | samantataḥ saṁvṛtāṅgī vanitevāyatekṣaṇā ||2-58-47 with wells of drinking water, beautiful ponds, shining with gardens, beautiful like a woman having long eyes, samṛddhachatvaravatī veśmottamaghanācitā | rathyākoṭisahasrāḍhyā śubhrarājapathottarā ||2-58-48 flourishing with squares, endowed with an assembly of best houses, large number of pathways, decorated with white royal paths, bhūṣayantī samudraṁ sā svargamindrapurī yathā | pṛthivyāṁ sarvaratnānāmekā nichayaśālinī ||2-58-49 this city is beautified on earth by the ocean, like the city of indra beautifies heaven with an assembly of important jewels. surāṇāmapi sukṣetrā sāmantakṣobhakāriṇī | aprakāśaṁ tadākāśaṁ prāsādairupakurvatī ||2-58-50 An auspicious place even for the gods, causing anxiety to the tribute paying princes, with its skyline filled with buildings, pṛthivyāṁ pṛthurāṣṭrāyāṁ janaughapratināditā | oghaishcha vārirājasya śiśirīkṛtamārutā ||2-58-51 filled with the sound of groups of people on earth having many kingdoms, the wind cooled by the currents of the ocean, anūpopavanaiḥ kāntaiḥ kāntyā janamanoharā | satārakā dyauriva sā dvārakā pratyarājata ||2-58-52 beautified with wet lands and gardens, with beautiful people, the city of dvāraka sparkled like the sky shining with stars. prākāreṇārkavarṇena śātakaumbhena saṁvṛtā | hiraṇyaprativarṇaiścha gṛhairgambhīraniḥsvanaiḥ ||2-58-53 The fort shining with the colour of sun and pots of gold, with sounds from many grand houses sparkling with golden colour, śubhrameghapratīkāśairdvāraiḥ saudhaishcha śobhitā | kvachitkvachidudagrāgrairupāvṛtamahāpathā ||2-58-54 shining with many buildings having doors with the colour of white clouds, standing high here and there, indicating the grand route, tāmāvasatpurīṁ kṛṣṇaḥ sarve yādavanandanāḥ | abhipretajanākīrṇāṁ somaḥ khamiva bhāsayan ||2-58-55 kṛṣṇa along will all sons of yādava-s, resided in that city, making it sparkle like the moon sparkles the sky. viśvakarmā ca tāṁ kṛtvā purīṁ śakrapurīmiva | jagāma tridivaṁ devo govindenābhipūjitaḥ ||2-58-56 viśvakarma made the city like the city of śakra (indra). The lord, govinda (kṛṣṇa) entered the temple of deva-s for worshipping. bhūyaścha buddhirabhavatkṛṣṇasya viditātmanaḥ | janānimāndhanaughaiścha tarpayeyamahaṁ yadi ||2-58-57 Again an idea occurred to kṛṣṇa, who knows the soul, to make the people prosperous by offering them lots of wealth. sa vaiśravaṇasaṁspṛṣṭaṁ nidhīnāmuttamam nidhim | śaṅkhamāhvayatopendro nishi sve bhavane prabhuḥ ||2-58-58 In the night, the lord, upendra (kṛṣṇa) invoked śaṅkha, the best treasure of all treasures, the best given by vaiśravaṇa (the lord of wealth). sa śaṅKhaḥ keśavāhvānaṁ jṣātvā hi nidhirāṭsvayam | ājagāma samīpaṁ vai tasya dvāravatīpateḥ ||2-58-59 That śaṅkha, the king of treasure himself, knowing the invocation of keshava (kṛṣṇa), came near the lord of dvāraka (city of gates) (kṛṣṇa). sa śaṅkhaḥ prāṣjalirbhūtvā vinayādavaniṁ gataḥ | kṛṣṇaṁ vijṣāpayāmāsa yathā vaiśravaṇaṁ tathā ||2-58-60 That śaṅkha, joined his hands with humility and fell (performed namaskāra) on the earth. He informed kṛṣṇa, as he informed vaiśravaṇa (lord of wealth). bhagavankiṁ mayā kāṛyaṁ surāṇāṁ vittarakṣiṇā | viyojaya mahābāho yatkāryaṁ yadunandana ||2-58-61 (śaṅkha said:) Lord! I am the protector of the wealth of devas. What shall I do? O the son of yādu, O the one with great arms! Order me what shall I do? tamuvāca hṛṣīkeśaḥ śaṅkhaṁ guhyakamuttamam | janāḥ kṛśadhanā ye'smiṁstāndhanenābhipūraya ||2-58-62 Then the lord of sages (kṛṣṇa) told śaṅkha, the best of guhyaka-s: Offer wealth to those people here, who are having less wealth. nechcāmyanaśitaṁ draṣṭuṁ kṛśaṁ malinameva ca | dehīti caiva yācantaṁ nagaryāṁ nirdhanaṁ naram ||2-58-63 I do not like to see thin, untidy people, people who ask for alms, people who do not have wealth in this city. vaiśampāyana uvāca gṛhītvā śāsanaṁ mūrdhnā nidhirāṭ keshavasya ha | nidhīnājṣāpayāmāsa dvāravatyāṁ gṛhe gṛhe ||2-58-64 dhanaughairabhivarṣadhvaṁ cakruḥ sarvaṁ tathā ca te | vaiśampāyana said: Accepting the order of keshava (kṛṣṇa), nodding his head, the king of treasure, ordered the treasures: Shower wealth in all the houses of the city of gates (dvāravatī). All did as told. nādhano vidyate tatra kṣīṇabhāgyo'pi vā naraḥ ||2-58-65 There was none without wealth. There was no luckless man. kṛśo vā malino vāpi dvāravatyāṁ kathaṣchana | dvāravatyāṁ puri purā keshavasya mahātmanaḥ ||2-58-66 There never was any thin or untidy person in dvāravatī, the city dvāravatī, of great soul keshava (kṛṣṇa). cakāra vāyorāhvānaṁ bhūyaścha puruṣottamaḥ | tatrastha eva bhagavānyādavānāṁ priyaṅkaraḥ ||2-58-67 Again the best among men (kṛṣṇa) invoked the lord of wind. The lord (of wind) dear to yādava-s, went there. prāṇayonistu bhūtānāmupatasthe gadādharam | ekamāsīnamekānte devaguhyadharaṁ prabhum ||2-58-68 The soul of all physical beings (lord of wind) served the one who holds the mace (kṛṣṇa), the one who stays alone, the lord, holder of secrets of all devas. kiṁ mayā deva kartavyaṁ sarvagenāśugāminā | yathaiva dūto devānāṁ tathaivāsmi tavānagha ||2-58-69 Lord! What is my duty, who goes to all? O the one without any sin! I am your messenger, like I am messenger to the devas. tamuvāca tataḥ kṛṣṇo rahasyaṁ puruṣo hariḥ | mārutaṁ jagataḥ prāṇaṁ rūpiṇaṁ samupasthitam ||2-58-70 Then kṛṣṇa, hari told the secret to the lord of wind, the soul of the world, who was standing nearby in his bodily form. gaccha māruta deveśamanumānya sahāmaraiḥ | sabhāṁ sudharmāmādāya devebhyastamihānaya ||2-58-71 (kṛṣṇa said :) O wind! Proceed. Make śakra along with deva-s agreeable and bring the assembly of sudharma of deva-s here. yādavā dhārmikā hyete vikrāntāścha sahasraśaḥ | tasyāṁ visheyurete vai na tu yā kṛtrimā bhavet ||2-58-72 The yādava-s are righteous people. They are valiant. They are thousands in number. They should remain in that assembly. It is not possible to be in an artificial one. yā hyakṣayā sabhā ramyā kāmagā kāmarūpiṇī | sā yadūndhārayetsarvānyathaiva tridaśāṁstathā ||2-58-73 As it supports the deva-s, that beautiful assembly, without any decline, granting desires and capable of taking any desired form shall support all yādavas. saṁgṛhya vacanam tasya kṛṣṇasyākliṣṭakarmaṇaḥ | vāyurātmopamagatirjagāma tridivālayam ||2-58-74 (vaiśampāyana said) Understanding the words of kṛṣṇa, who performs difficult tasks, the lord of wind, with a speed suitable to him, went to heaven. so'numānya surānsarvānkṛṣṇavākyaṁ nivedya ca | sabhāṁ sudharmāmādāya punarāyānmahītalam ||2-58-75 Honouring all the deva-s and after informing them about the words of kṛṣṇa, he returned to earth, taking the assembly of sudharmā with him. sudharmāya sudharmāṁ tāṁ kṛṣṇāyākliṣṭakāriṇe | devo devasabhāṁ datvā vāyurantaradhīyata ||2-58-76 Giving sudharmā, the assembly of deva-s, to the one who lives by good dharma, kṛṣṇa, the lord, the one who performs difficult tasks, the lord of wind disappeared. dvāravatyāstu sā madhye keshavena niveśitā | sudharmā yadumukhyānāṁ devānāṁ tridive yathā ||2-58-77 keshava (kṛṣṇa) installed sudharmā, at the centre of dvāravati for prominent yādava-s, like it was installed in heaven for the devas. evaṁ divyaishcha bhogaishcha jalajaiścāvyayo hariḥ | dravyairalaṅkaroti sma purīṁ svāṁ pramadāmiva ||2-58-78 In this way, hari (kṛṣṇa), without having any decline, divinely decorated his city, with divine items, like a woman is decorated. maryādāścaiva saṣcakre śreṇīścha prakṛtīstathā | balādhyakṣāṁścha yuktāṁścha prakṛtīśāṁstathaiva ca ||2-58-79 He established the code of conduct, set up rows and standards, engaged generals of army and managers for nature. ugrasenaṁ narapatiṁ kāśyaṁ cāpi purohitam | senāpatimanādhṛṣṭiṁ vikadruṁ mantripuṅgavam ||2-58-80 ugrsena was made the king, kāśya (sāndīpani) was made the priest, adhṛṣṭi was made the chief of army and vikadru the chief minister. yādavānāṁ kulakarānsthavirāndaśa tatra vai | matimānsthāpayāmāsa sarvakāryeṣvanantarān ||2-58-81 kṛṣṇa with great intellect, made, ten aged people, the chieftains of yādava race as ministers for all matters. ratheshvatiratho yantā dārukaḥ keshavasya vai | yodhamukhyashcha yodhāṇāṁ pravaraḥ sātyakiḥ kṛtaḥ ||2-58-82 dāruka, the best charioteer, was engaged for driving the chariot of keshava (kṛṣṇa). The best fighter sātyaki was appointed as the chief fighter. vidhānamevaṁ kṛtvātha kṛṣṇaḥ puryāmaninditaḥ | mumude yadubhiḥ sārdhaṁ lokasraṣṭā mahītale ||2-58-83 kṛṣṇa, who is never despised, made these arrangements in the city. The creator of the world (kṛṣṇa) enjoyed thus with yādava-s on the face of earth. raivatasyātha kanyāṁ ca revatīṁ śīlasammatām | prāptavānbaladevastu kṛṣṇasyānumate tadā ||2-58-84 Then, with the consent of kṛṣṇa, baladeva (balarāma) obtained (married) revatī, the daughter of (king of) raivata endowed with good behaviour. iti śrīmahābhārate khileṣu harivaṁśe viṣṇuparvaṇi dvāravatīnirmāṇe'ṣṭapaṣcāśattamo'dhyāyaḥ Thus this is the fifty-eighth of viṣṇuparva, khila of śrīmahābhārata, building the city of dvāravati (Note 1:) Translation of ślokas 12 to 16 given by Andre Couture: Dvaraka: The making of a sacred place, Pilgrims, Patrons and Place: Localising Sanctity in Asian Religions, edited by Phyllis Granoff and Koichi Shinohara, chapter 7, pages 224 - 248, UBC Press (2003). nīlakaṇṭha commentary aṣṭapaṣcāśattame'thādhyāye tvaṣṭāramāhvayat | dvārakātiviśeṣānyo haristena vinirmame || 1 || · 2-58-1 tata iti || · 2-58-3 rohiṇyāṁ rohiṇīnakṣatre ṣreṣṭhe ahani mandavāsare - shanu hi susamārambhaṁ kṛtavānīśvaraḥ svyam - iti vacanāt || · 2-58-9 trikaṁ tisṛbhiḥ aṣṭapaṅktibhiḥ kalpitaṁ trikoṇaṁ trikaṁ chatvaraṁ chatasṛbhiścaturasraṁ tadevaṁ rājamārgaḥ dvābhyāṁ paṣyapaṅktibhyāṁ kalpita dīrgharathyārūpaḥ || · 2-58-10 śilpimukhyānāṁ āhvāyakā iti śeṣaḥ || · 2-58-13 sthapatīn vāstukarmajṣān sūtradhārān || · 2-58-15 saṁskārān kaṁṭakādyudvāsanavaṭārodhādīn || · 2-58-16 brahmādīnāṁ, dvāre pitāmahaṁ vidyāt ityādi śāstroktānāṁ gṛhabalidevatānām || · 2-58-17 caturdevānīti pāṭhe devāḥ śuddhākṣādayastadvanti tāmścha tattasthānapūrvakaṁ pūjayedityarthaḥ || · 2-58-24 yathā me brahmādayo mānyāstathā tvaṁ devamānyo brahmādīnāṁ mānyo'si | vaḥ yuṣmataḥ pūjāyāṁ bahutvaṁ viśeṣo viśiṣṭatvaṁ nāsti || · 2-58-28 prakāśārthaṁ svakaushalasya mayi mannimittam || · 2-58-30 mama sthānaṁ vaikuṇṭhamidaṁ rahasyaṁ kāryam || · 2-58-31 matīśvaraḥ matimatāṁ prabhuḥ || · 2-58-32 purī puryarthā bhūmiḥ || · 2-58-38 mārutena yogena vāyusaṁkochanapradhānenaṁ || · 2-58-42 prāgyatoraṇā śreṣṭhavandanamālikā || · 2-58-43 paricaryākṣayaṁ snānādigṛham || · 2-58-46 gāṁ pṛthivīm || · 2-58-48 veśmottameṣu ucchaveshmasu ghanācitā meghavyāptā atyucchetyarthaḥ || · 2-58-49 nichaśālinī samṛddhimatī || · 2-58-50 sukṣetrā puṣyādhivasatiḥ || · 2-58-54 udagrāgrairatyucchasaudhaiḥ upāvṛtaḥ cāyayā pihitaḥ mahāpatho yasyāṁ sā || · 2-58-63 anaśitaṁ nirannam || · 2-58-80k āśyaṁ sāndīpanim || · 2-58-81 sthavirāndaśeti vakṣyamāṇān | uddhavo vāsudevaścha kaṅko vipṛthureva ca | shvaphalkashcitrakashcaiva gadaḥ satyaka eva ca | balabhadra pṛthuścaiva mantreṣvabhyantarā daśa iti || iti śrīharivaṁśe viṣṇuparvaṇi ṭīkāyāmaṣṭapaṣcāśattamao'dhyāyaḥ || Note:Spelling mistakes have been corrected in verse 59, line 1 and verse 64, line 1