Parva 3 Chapter 111: śrīkṛṣṇaṁ prati durvāsaso vākyam - durvāsa complains to kṛṣṇa

vaiśampāyana said: O king! (O janamejaya!) Then the lord of all, viṣṇu, whose eyes are like the lotus of creation granting prosperity, who is beautiful as a dark rain cloud, who wears yellow dresses, who is auspicious, who wears long dresses, who is decorated by grand ornaments, kirīṭī śrīpatiḥ kṛṣṇo nīlakuṣchitamūrdhajaḥ | avyaktaḥ śāśvato devaḥ sakalo niṣkalaḥ śivaḥ ||3-111-2 who wears a crown, who is the lord of goddess śrī, kṛṣṇa, whose forehead shines due to waving dark hair, who is difficult to understand, who is eternal lord, who is sakala and nishkala at the same time, who is auspicious and beyond time, krīḍāvihāropagataḥ kadācidabhavaddhariḥ | kumārairaparaiḥ sārdhaṁ sātyakipramukhairnṛpa ||3-111-3 hari (viṣṇu, kṛṣṇa), once, had gone to the area for playing and entertainment along with other prominent princes, such as sātyaki, golakrīḍāṁ sudharmāyā madhye yādavasattamaḥ | cakāra priyakṛtkṛṣṇo yuyudhānena keśavaḥ ||3-111-4 At the centre portion of the assembly hall, sudharmā, the best among yādava-s, kṛṣṇa, keshava, was engaged in playing dice with sphere shaped dices (see nīlakaṇṭha commentary) with yuyudhāna (sāṭyaki) (see Translator's Note 1) mamāyaṁ prathamo golastava paścādbhaviṣyati | iti bruvaṁstadā viṣṇuḥ sātyakiṁ kamalekṣaṇaḥ ||3-111-5 At that time, viṣṇu (kṛṣṇa), whose looks grant prosperity like the lotus of creation, was telling sātyaki: My sphere is ahead, your sphere maybe behind. pārśvasthā yādavāstasya vasudevapurogamāḥ | uddhavapramukhā rājannāseduḥ kvachidatra vai ||3-111-6 O king! (O janamejaya! vaiśampāyana continued) The other chief yādava-s lead by vasudeva and uddhava were all seated at one place (in the hall). anyavyāpārarahito bhūtātmā bhūtabhāvanaḥ | vijahāra yathā rāmaḥ sugrīveṇa purā nṛpa||3-111-7 O king! (O janamejaya! vaiśampāyana continued) The lord, the soul of all beings, who is interested in the welfare of all beings, played (with sātyaki) like rāma and sugrīva played long ago. madhyaṁdine mahāviṣṇuḥ shaineyena sahācyutaḥ | vikrīḍya suciraṁ kṛṣṇa upāraṁsītsa yādavaḥ ||3-111-8 The great viṣṇu (kṛṣṇa), the one who does not suffer a fall, played with the son of shini for a long time, till the middle of the day. Then at noon, the one who belongs to the race of yādava-s, kṛṣṇa stopped playing. dvāsthena vāritāḥ pūrvaṁ dvāryeva ca samāsthitāḥ | idamantaramityeva viviśustāṁ sabhāṁ nṛpa ||3-111-9 O king! (O janamejaya! vaiśampāyana continued) Those who were stopped by the doorkeepers before, who were still standing at the door, (the sages led by durvāsa) considering that to be the opportunity, entered the assembly. yatayo dīrghatapasaḥ puraskṛtya tapodhanam | durvāsasaṁ sumanaso dadṛśuryādaveśvaram ||3-111-10 The sages who have restrained their passions and abandoned the material world, who have performed long penances, having good minds, lead by sage durvāsa, the wealth of penance, in the front, saw the Lord of gods, kṛṣṇa, golakrīḍāsamāsaktaṁ karasaṁsthitagolakam | padmapatraviśālākṣaṁ viṣṇuṁ taṁ sātyakiṁ harim ||3-111-11 viṣṇu, hari, (kṛṣṇa) having wide eyes, like the lotus of creation, holding a sphere in his hand, was immersed in playing dice (see niLakaṇṭha commentary to śloka 3-111-4) with sātyaki. ekenākṣṇā hlādayantaṁ pareṇānyena golakam | yatayashcha mahārāja pratyadṛśyanta tatpuraḥ ||3-111-12 kṛṣṇa was entertaining sātyaki with one eye. At the same time, he was looking at the sphere. O great king! (O janamejaya! vaiśampāyana continued) Then the sages who have restrained their passions and abandoned the material world, were seen in front of him. vṛṣṇipaḥ puṇḍarīkākṣaḥ sātyakirbalabhadrakaḥ | vasudevastathākrūra ugrasenastathā nṛpa ||3-111-13 O king! (O janamejaya! vaiśampāyana continued) The lord of vṛṣṇi-s, the one having eyes like the lotus of creation granting prosperity (kṛṣṇa), sātyaki, balabhadra (balarāma), vasudeva as well as akrūra and ugrasena, anye ca yādavāḥ sarve saṁbhramaṁ pratipedire | idaṁ kimidamityevaṁ vyāśaṅkamanaso'bhavan ||3-111-14 and all the other yādava-s were confused. Immediately, they wondered about it and doubted in their minds about the situation. pṛṣṭhato'pyanugacchanti didhakṣantaṁ jagattrayam | ardhakaupīnavasanaṁ smarantaṁ kamapi dvijam ||3-111-15 They saw the twice born (durvāsa) who followed, who was looking as though to burn all the three worlds, who was wearing a half (torn) loin cloth, who was indicating something, antastāpasamāyuktaṁ cinnadaṇḍadharaṁ yatim | antarjvalantaṁ roṣeṇa haṁsāsāditakalmaṣam ||3-111-16 who was with sorrow in his mind, the sage who was holding a broken a staff, who was burning inside with anger, who was troubled by haṁsa, netrotthitamahāvahniṁ prekṣantaṁ yādaveśvaram | durvāsasaṁ te dadṛśurbhītā yādavasattamāḥ ||3-111-17 who was looking at the lord of yādava-s (kṛṣṇa) with a great fire in his eye. All the best among the yādava-s saw durvāsa and became afraid. kiṁkariṣyatyasau kruddhaḥ kiṁ vā vakṣyati naḥ prabhuḥ | iti prāṣjalayaḥ sarve yādavāḥ pratipedire ||3-111-18 idamāsanamityevaṁ kiṁchidūcuścha vṛṣṇayaḥ | "What will the angry sage do? What will our lord (kṛṣṇa) say?" All the yādavas wondered and stood with folded hands. The vṛṣṇi-s also muttered something like "be seated". tataḥ kṛṣṇo hṛṣīkeṣaḥ kiṁchidutplutya tatpuraḥ ||3-111-19 idamāsanamityevaṁ sthīyatāmiha nirvṛtaḥ | ahamadya sthito vipra kiṁkaro'smīti cābravīt ||3-111-20 Then kṛṣṇa, the lord of senses, came forward a little and said: Here is the seat. Be seated and satisfied. I am standing here, O Brahmin. What shall I do for you? tataḥ kiṁchidivāsīna Asane yativigrahaḥ | Asane saṁsthite tasminyatayo vītamatsarāḥ ||3-111-21 āsanāni yathāyogaṁ bhejire nirvṛtāḥ kila | Then sage durvāsa, who has restrained his passions and abandoned the material world, sat in his seat. Then all the other sages, devoid of any competing spirit, accepted seats as suitable to them, being satisfied, to some extent. arghyādisamudācāraṁ cakre kṛṣṇaḥ kirīṭabhṛt ||3-111-22 āha bhūyo hṛṣīkeśo yātiṁ durvāsasaṁ prabhuṁ | kṛṣṇa, wearing a crown, welcomed them with water etc., and again the lord of senses (kṛṣṇa) spoke to sage durvāsa. kimarthaṁ brūhi viprendra asminpratyāgamo hi vaḥ ||3-111-23 (kṛṣṇa said:) What is the purpose of your coming here? O the indra of brāhmins! Tell me! dṛṣṭaṁ vā hyatha vā kiṁchitkāraṇaṁ cāsti vo mahat | saṁnyāsino dvijaśreṣṭhā yūyaṁ vigatakalmaṣāḥ ||3-111-24 Do you have any great reason for coming here? You are sages, the best among the twice borns, without having any defects. niḥspṛhāścha sadā yūyamasmatto dvijapuṅgavāḥ | prārthyaṁ nāma na chaivāsti spṛhā naivāsti vo yataḥ ||3-111-25 O the prominent among the twice borns! You are always without any demand from us. You have nothing to ask for since you have no desire. spṛhāpreritakarmāṇaḥ kṣatriyānyānti suvratāḥ | nirūpyamāṇamasmābhirvipra kiṁcinna dṛśyate ||3-111-26 The kṣatriya-s are always prompted by desire in their deeds. O Brahmin! As we understand, nothing is seen (as reason for your visit). na jāne kāraṇaṁ brahmanyuṣmadāgamanaṁ prati | etāvatā cānumeyaṁ kiṁchitkāraṇamasti vai ||3-111-27 tadbrūhi yadi vidyeta tvatto jṣāsyāmahe vayam | We do not know any reason, O Brahmin, for your visit. But I can guess that there is some reason. Kindly tell us the reason so that we may know the same as told by you. ityuktavati deveshe cakrapāṇau janārdane ||3-111-28 (vaiśampāyana continued) As the lord of gods, the one who holds the cakra in his hands, janārdana spoke thus, (See Translator's Note 2) tasyāpi rājanviprasya bhūyaḥ kopo mahānabhūt | tasmādabhyadhikaḥ pūrvātkopaḥ saṁjāyate mahān ||3-111-29 O king! (janamejaya! vaiśampāyana said) The Brahmin (durvāsa) became more angry than before. He had more anger than before. didhakṣanniva lokāṁstrīnbhakṣayanniva paśyataḥ | roṣaraktekṣaṇaḥ kruddho hasanniva dahanniva ||3-111-30 He looked with great anger as though to burn all the three worlds and as if to consume the onlookers. His eyes became red with anger. He was angry and he laughed as if to burn. uvāca vacanaṁ viṣṇuṁ durvāsāḥ kroddhamūrcchitaḥ | na jāne iti kasmāttvaṁ brūṣe no yādaveśvara ||3-111-31 sage durvāsa, angered without limits, spoke the following words to viṣṇu: O lord of yādava-s! Why are you telling us that you do not know the reason (for our visit)? jānāmi tvāṁ mahādevaṁ vaṣchayanniva bhāṣase | purātanā vayaṁ viṣṇo pūrvavṛttāntavedinaḥ ||3-111-32 I know that you are the great lord. You are misleading us with your words. O viṣṇu (kṛṣṇa)! We are ancient who know all about ancient incidents. yathā hi devadevo'si māyāmānuṣadehavān | nigūhase prabhurataḥ kasmānno jagatīpate ||3-111-33 You are the lord of gods and you have taken up the body of a man by illusion. O lord! O the lord of universe! What are you concealing from us? so'si brahmavidāṁ mūrtistavaitat paramaṁ padam | yadabhyarcya purā brahmā yaccha jṣātā vayaṁ purā ||3-111-34 You are the bodily form (of brahma) for those who are knowledgeable about brahma. The highest state is yours. Long ago this (form) was worshipped by brahma. We knew this long ago. yato viśvamidaṁ bhūtaṁ tadetatparamaṁ padam | yaccha sthūlaṁ vijānanti purā tattvena chetasā ||3-111-35 This is the highest state where this universe was born. This is known in the universal form long ago by intellectual principles. purāvido'tha vishvesha tadetatparamaṁ vapuḥ | karmaṇā prāpyate yattu yatsmṛtvā nirvṛtā vayam ||3-111-36 O the lord of universe! Those who knew (brahma) long ago, knew your supreme body (which is this). We derive comfort by remembering that your body can be attained by doing one's duty. pratyakṣamapi yadrūpaṁ naiva jānanti mānuṣāḥ | na hi mūḍhadhiyo deva na vayaṁ tādṛśā hare ||3-111-37 The men do not know your form even though it is seen in reality. O lord! We are not stupid. O hari (kṛṣṇa)! we are not like those people. na jāne iti yadbrūṣe kimataḥ sāhasaṁ vacaḥ | ye hi mūlaṁ vijānanti teṣāṁ tu pravivechanam ||3-111-38 kurvataḥ kiṁ phalaṁ deva tava keśiniṣūdana | You told us that you do not know (the reason for our visit). Tell us about your difficulty. O lord! O the slayer of keshi! What do you get by testing like this, those of us who know the ultimate (truth)? vedānte prathitaṁ tejastava chedaṁ vicāryate ||3-111-39 ye ca vijṣānatṛptāstu yogino vītakalmaṣāḥ | Those who are yoked with yoga, devoid of all ill feelings and satisfied by the knowledge (of the self), meditate on your splendor established in the vedas as the ultimate (truth). pashyanti hṛtsaroje'pi tadevedaṁ vapuḥ prabho ||3-111-40 O lord! They visualize your bodily form in their minds (sacred) like the lotus (of creation). vedairyadgīyate tejo brahmeti pratipādya vai | tadevedaṁ vijāne'haṁ rūpamaiśvarameva ca |3-111-41 Your splendor praised in the veda-s is described as the brahman. I know that it is the same as this body form of yours. vaiṣṇavaṁ paramaṁ teja iti vedeṣu paṭhyate | avagachcāmyahaṁ viṣṇo tadevedaṁ vapustava ||3-111-42 The vaiṣṇava splendor is taught as the supreme in vedas. O viṣṇu (kṛṣṇa)! I know that body is also the same as your body. ya omityucyate shabdo yasya vāgiti gīyate | sa evāsi prabho viṣṇo na jāne iti mā vada ||3-111-43 The sound of Aum is described as the word (brahma in the form of word) O lord! O viṣṇu (kṛṣṇa)! That brahma is you. Do not say that you do not know this. parokṣaṁ yadi kiṁchitsyāttava vaktuṁ prayujyate | na jāne iti govinda mā vādīḥ sāhasaṁ hare ||3-111-44 O govinda (kṛṣṇa)! If it is not manifested for some time at least, you may say that you do not know. O hari (kṛṣṇa)! Do not speak rashly. viśvaṁ yadā prādurāsīdyasmi.ṇllīnaṁ kṣaye sati | idaṁ tadaiśvaraṁ tejastvavagachcāmi keshava ||3-111-45 O keshava (viṣṇu, kṛṣṇa)! You know that the splendor of the lord is the source of the universe and it is the same in which the world dissolves at the time of destruction. kartā tvaṁ bhūtabhavyeśa pratibhāsi sadā hṛdi | yadyadrūpaṁ smarennityaṁ tattadevāsi me hṛdi ||3-111-46 You are the creator, the lord of the beings as well as the lord of the future. You manifest always in the mind. Whatever form I meditate in my mind, you take up that form. vāyureva yadā viṣṇuriti me dhīyate matiḥ | tadā tadrūpamevāsi hṛnmadhye saṁsthito vibho ||3-111-47 If I meditate in my mind that viṣṇu is wind, then, O lord, you take up the form of wind and establish in my mind. ākāśo viṣṇurityeva kadāciddhīyate matiḥ | tadā tadrūpamevāsi hṛnmadhye saṁsthito vibho ||3-111-48 Whenever I meditate in my mind that the firmament is viṣnu, then, O lord, you take up that form and establish in my mind. pṛthivī viṣṇurityetatkadāciddhīyate matiḥ | tadā pārthivarūpastvaṁ pratibhāsi sādā mama ||3-111-49 When I meditate in my mind that the earth is viṣṇu, then I think that you are always in the form of earth. raso'graṁ deva ityeva kadācicchintyate mayā | tadā rasātmāna viṣṇo hṛnmadhye saṁsthito vibho ||3-111-50 When I think that this deva is taste, then O viṣṇu! O lord! You become the soul of taste in my mind. yadā tvaṁ teja ityevaṁ smartā syāṁ puruṣottama | tadā tadrūpasaṁpannaḥ pratibhāsi sadā hṛ+di ||3-111-51 When I visualize you as a splendorous form O the best among puruṣa-s! Then you manifest as that form, always, in my mind. candramā harirityevaṁ tadā cāndramasaṁ vapuḥ | nirīkṣya cakṣuṣā deva tataḥ prīto'smi keshava ||3-111-52 If I think that hari (viṣṇu, kṛṣṇa) is the moon, then O lord! O keshava! I am pleased to see you O deva, with my eyes, as the body of moon. yadā sauraṁ vapuriti smartā syāṁ jagatīpate | tadā tadbhāvanāyogātsūrya eva virājase ||3-111-53 O the lord of the universe! When I think of you as the body of Sun, then you sparkle as the Sun, yoked with that vision. tasmātsarvaṁ tvamevāsi niśchitā matirīdṛśī | ato na jāne'hamiti vaktuṁ nesho janārdana ||3-111-54 Hence I decide in my mind that everything is you. Hence O janārdana (*)! Do not say that I did not know (the reason for our visit). ityarthe saṁsthito viṣṇo pīḍāṁ no naiva chintyase | atyantaduḥkhitā viṣṇo vayaṁ tvāmanusaṁsthitāḥ ||3-111-55 O viṣṇu (kṛṣṇa)! You are established like this. When you do not think about our sorrows, we, who depend on you, are highly distressed. īdṛśīyamavasthā no naitāṁ smarasi keshava | etatpunarbhāgyamato naṣṭamityeva cintaye ||3-111-56 O keshava (kṛṣṇa)! You do not understand that our situation is thus (bad). Further, I think whatever good fortune we have, is also lost. mandabhāgyā vayaṁ viṣṇo yato no na smareḥ prabho | O lord! Since you do not think about us, O viśṇu! Our good fortune is also lost. kauchitkṣatriyadāyādau girīśavaragarvitau ||3-111-57 nāmnā haṁsaḍimbhakau ca bādhete no janārdana | Two persons named haṁsa and ḍimbhaka, belonging to the kṣatriya rac , proud by the boon given by the lord of the mountain (shiva), are troubling us, O janārdana (*)! gārhasthyaṁ hi sadā śreyo vadantāviti keshava ||3-111-58 itastatashcha dhāvantau vadantau bahu kilbiṣam | ayuktaṁ bahu bhāṣantau dharṣayantau ca naḥ sadā ||3-111-59 Saying that the stage of householder is always prosperous, O keshava (kṛṣṇa), running here there and speaking about many defects, they always abuse us speaking many times inappropriately. idamanyatkṛtaṁ deva asahyaṁ pāpamucyate | paśyedaṁ bahudhā deva bhinnaṁ bhinnaṁ sahasraśaḥ ||3-111-60 O lord! They also carried out another unbearable deed which can be said as a sin. O lord! Look at these items which are broken in thousands, śikyaṁ ca dāravaṁ pātraṁ dvidalānveṇukānbahūn | idamapyaparaṁ pashya tayoḥ sāhasacheṣṭitam ||3-111-61 swings carrying pots, wooden vessels, many wooden vessels in the shape of the cow's ear and flutes. See their another aggressive act. kaupīnaṁ bahudhā cinnaṁ tadasmākaṁ mahaddhanam | kṛtaṁ kapālamātreṇa kamaṇḍalu jagatprabho ||3-111-62 They tore many of our loin clothes, our great wealth. O the lord of the universe (kṛṣṇa, viṣṇu)! They have flattened water pots into pans! tvaṁ tu no rakṣase nityaṁ kṣātraṁ vai vratamāsthitaḥ | citraṁ citramidaṁ deva rakṣasyasi sadāniśam ||3-111-63 You, fixed in the code of conduct of kṣatriya-s, always protect us. O lord! It is highly strange that this should happen to us as you protect us always during the day and night. kiṁ kariṣyāmi mandātmā mandabhāgyā vayaṁ vibho | kinnaḥ śaraṇamadyaiva tadbrūhi jagatāṁ pate ||3-111-64 O lord! What can be done by us who are with slow intellect? Our fortunes are lost. O the lord of the universe! Tell us what is our refuge now. jīvantau tau yadi syātāṁ naṣṭā lokā ime trayaḥ | na viprā na ca rājano na vaiśyā na ca pādajāḥ ||3-111-65 If both of them (haṁsa and ḍimbhaka) are alive, then all these three worlds will be lost. There will not be any brahmins, neither kṣatriya-s (kings), nor vaishya-s nor those who were born from your feet (śūdra-s) left. (All the four castes will be destroyed.) atyantabalinau mattau tīkṣṇadaṇḍadharau nṛpa | te tayoḥ purataḥ sthātuṁ śaktā devāḥ savāsavāḥ ||3-111-66 Both (haṁsa and ḍimbhaka) are highly powerful and intoxicated with power. They are kings who punish with sharp weapons. All the gods including indra will not be able to stand in front of them. na ca bhīṣmo na vā rājā bāhlīko bhīmavikramaḥ | yo hi vīro jarāsandhaḥ kṣatriyāṇāṁ bhayaṁkaraḥ ||3-111-67 naiva ca prāyaśaḥ sthātuṁ girīśavaradarpiṇoḥ | tayoḥ kṛṣṇa hare shakto nityamapratisaṅginoḥ ||3-111-68 O hari! O kṛṣṇa! Neither bhīṣma, nor the highly valiant king bālhika, nor the valiant jarāsandha who is terrible to the kṣatrya-s (kings) are capable of opposing them (haṁsa nad ḍimbhaka) who are proud due to the boon given by the lord of the mountain (shiva). tasmāttvaṁ jahi tau vīrau rakṣa lokānimānprabho | anyathā rakṣasītyevaṁ vyarthaḥ śabdo'tra jāyate ||3-111-69 Hence O lord (kṛṣṇa)! Kill those valiants (haṁsa and ḍimbhaka) and protect the world. Otherwise, the words that you are protecting the world will be in vain. bahunātra kimuktena rakṣa rakṣa jagattrayam | ityuktvā virarāmaiva durvāsāḥ kroddhamūrcchitaḥ ||3-111-70 Why should we speak more? Please protect, please protect the three worlds. Saying this, sage durvāsa, angered most, retired. iti śrīmahābhārate khileṣu harivaṁśe bhaviṣyaparvaṇi haṁsaḍimbhakopākhyāne durvāsaḥsamāgame ekādaśādhikaśatatamo'dhyāyaḥ This is the one hundred and eleventh chapter of bhaviṣyaparva, harivaṁśa, khila of mahābhārata, in the episode of haṁsa and ḍimbhaka, durvāsa complains to kṛṣṇa Translator's Note (1) Recall that durvāsa is the amsha of rudra-shiva who is fond of dice game. (2) janārdana: (1) janaiḥ puruṣārthamabhyudayaniḥśreyasalakṣaṇaṁ yācyate iti janārdana (To whom people pray for success and liberation) (2) janān durjanānardayati hinasti, narakādīn gamayatīti vā janārdana (he who punishes the wicked people) See page 53, srīviṣṇusahasranāmastotraṁ śaṅkarabhāṣya bhāṣābhāṣyasahitam, swami nirmalānanda sarasvati, second edition, (1998) ṣivanandāśramam, Palakkad -9. English translation is from page 33 srivishnusahasranamastotram with notes in Sanskrit and English, G.S.R. Narasimhamurty, (2009) Sri Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham, Kancheepuram. nīlakaṇṭha commentary · 3-111-1 atheti | padmakiṣjalkalocanaḥ kiṣjalkapadaṁ tadvatvātpatre'tra jṣeyaṁ tena padmapatranetra ityarthaḥ || · 3-111-4 golakrīḍāṁ golākārairakṣairdyūtakrīḍām || · 3-111-9 viviśustāpasā iti śeṣaḥ || · 3-111-12 hlādayantaṁ munīn | golakaṁ pashyantam || · · 3-111-16 haṁsena rājṣā āsāditakalmaṣaṁ prāpitaduḥkham || · 3-111-23 asmin sthāne || · 3-111-24 kiṁchidadraṣṭaṁ vā dvayaṁ ubhayatra yathākramaṁ yojyaṁ || · 3-111-30 paśyataḥ puruṣān || · 3-111-33 nigūhase ātmānam | no'smānprati || · 3-111-34 jṣānāḥ jṣānavantaḥ || · 3-111-38 pravivechanaṁ vicāram || · 3-111-46 yadyaditi | yatra vastuni dhāraṇā kriyate tatraivāvirbhavasītyarthaḥ || · 3-111-47 tadevāha - vāyurityādi || · 3-111-55 chintyase cintayase | akāralopa ārṣaḥ | · 3-111-63 tvaṁ sadā asi rakṣasi ca athāpyetat citram āścaryaṁ yadasmākamīdṛśī avastheti || · 3-111-67 jarasandho'pi tayoḥ puraḥ sthātuṁ na shakta iti dvayoḥ sambandhaḥ || iti śrīmahābhārate khileṣu harivaṁśe bhaviṣyaparvaṇi ṭīkāyāmekādaśādhikaśatatamo'dhyāyaḥ ||