Parva 3 Chapter 36: hiraṇyagarbhādyutpattikathanam - birth of hiraṇyagarbha and others

vaiśampāyana said: (O janamejaya!) The lord who was born before desired in his mind for creating the world. As he thought about it, puruṣa came out of the lord's mouth. tataḥ sa puruṣo devaṁ kiṁ karomītyupasthitaḥ | pratyuvāca smitaṁ kṛtvā devadevo jagatpatiḥ ||3-36-2 That puruṣa stood by the side of the lord asking: What shall I do? The lord of deva-s, the lord of the world, replied, smiling. vibhajātmānamityuktvā gato'ntardhānamīśvaraḥ | antarhitasya devasya saśarīrasya bhārata ||3-36-3 Saying, "you divide your soul", the lord disappeared from there. O the one of bharata race! (O janamejaya! vaishampayana continued) As the lord disappeared with his body, prāśāntasyeva dīpasya gatistasya na vidyate | tatasteneritāṁ VANIM so'nvacintayata prabhuḥ ||3-36-4 puruṣa could not find a way to proceed, like a lamp which is extinguished. Then that lord (puruṣa) thought about the words spoken by the Lord. hiraṇyagarbho bhaghavānya eṣa cchandasi śrutaḥ | The lord (puruṣa) is famous in the sacred text of Vedic hymns (meters) as the one conceived in the golden womb (hiraṇyagarbha). eṣa prajāpatiḥ pūrvamabhavadbhuvanādhipaḥ ||3-36-5 tadā prabhṛti tasyādyo yajṣabhāgo vidhīyate | This lord of beings, became the lord of the world in the beginning. Since that time, he prescribed the first sacrifice along with its rituals. prajāpatiruvāca vibhajātmānamityuktāstenāsmi sumahātmanā ||3-36-6 kathamātmā vibhajyaḥ syātsaṁśayo hyatra me mahān | The lord of beings said: That good great soul told me thus: Divide your soul. I have a great doubt how to divide the soul. iti cintayatastasya omityevotthitaḥ svaraḥ ||3-36-7 sa bhūmāvantarikṣe ca nāke ca kṛtavāṁstataḥ | (vaiśampāyana continued: O janamejaya!) From the one who was thinking like this, a sound Om came out, which reached the earth, the sky as well as the heavens. taṁ chaivābhyasatastasya manaḥ sāramayaḥ punaḥ ||3-36-8 hṛdayāddevadevasya vaṣaṭkāraḥ samutthitaḥ | Again, from the heart of the lord of beings, who was pronouncing the sound, Om, the essence of the mind, the exclamation, vaṣaṭ was produced. bhūmyantarikṣakānāṁ ca bhūrbhuvaḥ suvarātmikāḥ ||3-36-9 mahāsmṛtimayāḥ puṇyā mahāvyāhṛtayo'bhavan | Afterwards, with words bhūḥ, bhuvaḥ and svaḥ, comprising the soul of earth, sky and heaven , the first three great mystical utterances (among the names of seven worlds) were produced , the sacred sounds, full of the great traditional knowledge. candasāṁ pravarā devī caturviṁśākṣarā'bhavat | tatpadaṁ saṁsmarandivyāṁ sāvitrīmakarotprabhuḥ ||3-36-10 Then the best goddess in the sacred text of vedic hymns along with twenty-four letters were born. Remembering the sacred feet of the goddess, the lord created the divine mantra, sāvitrī. ṛksāmātharvayajuṣaścaturo bhagavānprabhuḥ | cakāra nikhilānvedānbrahmayuktena karmaṇā ||3-36-11 Then the splendorous lord, the lord of beings, with his action suitable to brahma, created al the four veda-s, ṛk, sāma, atharva and yajuṣ. tatastasyaiva manasaḥ sanaḥ sanaka eva ca | sanātanaścha bhagavānvaradaścha sanandanaḥ ||3-36-12 Then, from his same mind, sana, sanaka, sanātana as also the lord varada sanandana granting boons were created. sanatkumāraścha vibhustatra jajṣe sanātanaḥ | mānasāścaiva pūrvādyā ityete ṣaṇmaharṣayaḥ ||3-36-13 Also The lord sanātana as well as lord sanatkumāra. These are the first six sages born from the mind of the lord in the beginning. brahmāṇaṁ kapilaṁ caiva ṣaḍetāṁścaiva yoginaḥ | yatayo yogatantreṣu yānstuvanti dvijātayaḥ ||3-36-14 The twice borns and the yogis praise brahma, kapila and also these six sages with the techniques of yoga. tato marīchimatriṁ ca pulastyaṁ pulahaṁ kratuṁ | bhṛgumaṅgirasaṁ caiva manuṁ caiva prajāpatiṁ ||3-36-15 pitṝmścha sarvabhūtānāṁ devatāsurarakṣasām | maharṣīnasṛjaccaṁbhuraṣṭāvetāṁścha mānasān ||3-36-16 Then, the lord śaṁbhu, created eight sages, mariachi, atri, pulastya, pulaha, kratu, bhṛgu, aṅgiras and also the lord of beings, manu as well as the forefathers of all beings, deva-s, demons , rākṣasa-s and also (other) great sages from his mind. ete yugasahasrānte yāśchaiṣāmabhavanprajāḥ | kalpe niḥśeṣabhukte tu tato gacchanti nirvṛtim ||3-36-17 At the end of one thousand yugas, all of them along with the beings, when the day of brahma ( when one thousand yugas end) ends without leaving anything, will attain final beatitude. bhūyo varṣasahasrānte utpattistu vidhīyate | eteṣāmeva devānāṁ prajākartṛṣu vai tadā ||3-36-18 Again, after one thousand years, the creation of these deva-s and others through the creator of beings, is ordained. kiṁ tu karmaviśeṣeṇa devatānāṁ yuge yuge | nāmajanmaviśeṣāścha tathaiva yugaparyaye ||3-36-19 But then, due to the difference in actions, as each yuga changes, there will be differences in the names and actions of these deva-s and others. aṅguṣṭhāddakṣiṇāddakṣa utpanno bhagavānṛṣiḥ | tasyaiva tu punarbhāryā vāmāṅguṣṭhādajāyata ||3-36-20 The lord sage dakṣa was born from the right forefinger of the lord. His wife was born from the left forefinger of the lord. tasya tatrābhavankanyā viśrutā lokamātaraḥ | yābhirvyāptāstrayo lokāḥ prajābhirmanujādhipa ||3-36-21 The maidens, famous as the mothers of the world, were born to him from her. O the ruler of men! (janamejaya! vaiśampāyana continued). They covered all the three worlds with beings. aditiṁ ca ditiṁ kālāmanāyuṁ siṁhikāṁ munim | prādhāṁ krodhāṁ ca surabhiṁ vinatāṁ surasāṁ tathā ||3-36-22 danuṁ kadruṁcha duhitṝḥ pradadau kaśyapāya tu | prajāṁ saṁchintya manasā gatijṣenāntarātmanā ||3-36-23 Visualising the destination of beings in his inner mind, the lord of beings, dakṣa gave his (thirteen) daughters, aditi, diti, kālā, manāyu, simhikā, muni, prādhā, krodhā, surabhi, vinatā, surasā, danu and kadru to sage kashyapa. arundhatīṁ vasuṁ yāmīṁ lambāṁ bhānuṁ marutvatīm | saṅkalpāṁ ca muhūrtāṁ ca sādhyāṁ viśvāṁ ca bhārata ||3-36-24 manave brahmaputrāya kanyā dakṣo dadau daśa | O the one of bharata race! (O janamejya! vaiśampāyana continued): dakṣa gave his ten daughters, arundhatī, vasu, yāmī, lambhā, bhānu, marutvatī, saṅkalpā, muhūrtā, sādhyā and viśvā to manu, the son of brahma. tataḥ sarvānavadyāṅgyaḥ kanyāḥ kamalalochanāḥ ||3-36-25 pūrṇacandrānanā divyā gandhavatyo manoramāḥ | kīrtiṁ lakṣmiṁ dhṛtiṁ puṣṭiṁ buddhiṁ medhāṁ kṣamāṁ tathā ||3-36-26 matiṁ lajjāṁ vasuṁ caiva dakṣo dharmāya vai dadau | Afterwards, dakṣa gave his (ten) maiden daughters, kīrti, lakṣmi, dhṛti, puṣṭi, buddhi, medhā, kṣamā, mati, lajjā and also vasu, the maidens having flawless limbs and eyes, large and beautiful as lotus flower, with faces beautiful like the full moon and having divine fragrance pleasing to the mind, to dharma. Atreyastu tato bhūtasyasya toyātmakaḥ śaśī ||3-36-27 putro grahāṇāmadhipaḥ sahasrāṁśustamisrahā | tasmai nakṣatrayoginyaḥ saptaviṁśatiruttamāḥ ||3-36-28 Then atri had a son, the moon, (shashi), full of the soul of water, the king of planets, with one thousand rays, the one who destroys the darkness. rohiṇīpramukhāḥ kanyā dakṣaḥ prācetaso dadau | prācetasa dakṣa gave him (the moon) his (twentyseven) maiden daughters beginning with rohiṇī. etāsāṁ putrapautraṁ ca procyamānaṁ mayā śṛṇu ||3-36-29 kashyapasya manoshcaiva dharmasya śaśinastathā | Please hear what I say about the sons and grandsons of kashyapa, manu, dharma as well as shashi (moon). aryamā varuṇo mitraḥ pūṣā dhātā puraṁdaraḥ ||3-36-30 tvaṣṭā bhago'ṁśuḥ savitā parjanyashcheti viśrutāḥ | adityāṁ jajṣire devāḥ kaśyapāllokabhāvanāḥ ||3-36-31 The deva-s, who are concerned with the welfare of the world, famous as aryamā, varuṇa, mitra, pūṣa, dhātā, puraṁdara, tvaṣṭā, bhaga, aṁśu, savitā and parjanya were born to kashyapa from aditi. dityāḥ putradvayaṁ jajṣe kaśyapaāditi naḥ shrutam | hiraṇyakaśipuścaiva hiraṇyākṣaścha vīryavān ||3-36-32 (Note 1) We hear that kashyapa had two sons from diti -hiraṇyakaśipu and the valiant hiraṇyākṣa. hiraṇyakaśipoḥ putrāḥ paṣcaiva sumahābalāḥ | prahrādaścaiva saṁhrādastathānuhrāda eva ca ||3-36-33 hradashcaiva tu vikrāntaḥ paṣchamo'nuhradastathā | hiraṇyakaśipu had five highly powerful sons, prahrāda, saṁhrāda, anuhrāda and hrada as also the valiant anuhrāda was the fifth son. prahrādaḥ pūrvajasteṣāmanuhrādastathā paraḥ ||3-36-34 prahrāda was the eldest of the sons and the last (fifth) son was anuhrāda. prahrādasya trayaḥ putrā vikrāntāḥ sumahābalāḥ | virochanashcha jambhashcha sujambhashcheti viśrutāḥ ||3-36-35 prahrāda had three valiant and highly powerful sons, famous as virochana, jambha and also sujambha. balirvirochanasuto bāṇa eko baleḥ sutaḥ | bāṇasya chendradamanaḥ putraḥ parapuraṁjayaḥ ||3-36-36 bali is the son of virochana and bāṇa is the only one son of bali. bāṇa had the son, indradamana, the conqueror of other cities. danoḥ putrāstu bahavo vaṁśo khyātā mahāsurāḥ | viprachittiḥ prathamajasteṣāṁ rājā babhūva ha ||3-36-37 danu had many sons whose races are famous as great demons. The eldest among them was viprachitti who became the king. gaṇaḥ prajajṣe krodhāyāḥ putrapautramanantakam | raudrāḥ krodhavaśā nāma krūrakarmāṇa eva ca ||3-36-38 Groups of sons and grandsons were born to krodhā, without any end. Named as krodhavaśā they were terrible, performing cruel acts. siṁhikā suṣuve rāhuṁ grahacandrārkamardanam | grastāraṁ caiva candrasya sūryasya ca vināśanam ||3-36-39 siṁhikā gave birth to rāhu, the oppressor of planets, the moon and the sun, the one who tried to capture and destroy the moon and the sun. kālāyāḥ kālakalpastu gaṇaḥ paramadāruṇaḥ | abhavaddīptasūryākṣo nīlameghasamaprabhaḥ ||3-36-40 kālā had the most terrible sons, the race of kālakalpa-s, born with eyes shining like the blazing sun, having splendor equal to the blue rain bearing clouds. sahasraśīrṣā śeṣaścha vāsukistakṣakastathā | bahūnāṁ kadruputrāṇāmete prādhānyamāgatāḥ ||3-36-41 The chief and foremost among the sons of kadru are seṣa, the one with one thousand heads, and also vāsuki and takṣaka. dharmātmāno vedavidaḥ sadā prāṇihite ratāḥ | lokatantradharāścaiva varadāḥ kāmarūpiṇaḥ ||3-36-42 Having the soul of dharma, experts of vedas, always concerned with the welfare of beings, well versed in the techniques of the world, providers of boons and who are capable of taking forms as they wish, tārkṣyaścāriṣṭanemiścha garuḍaścha mahābalaḥ | aruṇiścāruṇiścaiva vinatāyāḥ sutāḥ smṛtāḥ | tārkṣya, ariṣṭanemi, the highly powerful garuḍa, aruṇa and āruṇi are known as the sons of vinatā. imāścāpsarasaḥ puṇyā vividhāḥ puṇyalakṣaṇāḥ ||3-36-43 suṣuve'ṣṭau mahābhāgā prādhā devarṣipūjitā | The highly fortunate prādhā gave birth to eight beautiful divine women, having many sacred signs, worshipped by the deva sages. anavadyāmanūkāṁ ca anūnāmaruṇapriyām | anūgāṁ subhagāṁ bhāsīṁ striyaḥ prādhā vyajāyata ||3-36-44 prādhā had eight daughters named anavadya, anūkā, anūnā, aruṇa, priyā, anūgā, subhagā and bhāsī. alambuṣā miśrakeśī puṇḍarīkā tilottamā | surūpā lakṣaṇā kṣemā tathā rambhā manoramā ||3-36-45 alambuṣā, miśrakeśī, puṇḍarīkā, tilottamā, surūpā, lakṣaṇā, kṣemā and rambhā, manoramā, asitā ca subāhuścha suvṛttā sumukhī tathā | supriyā ca sugandhā ca surasā ca pramāthinī ||3-36-46 asitā and also subāhu, suvṛttā, sumukhī, supriyā, sugandhā, surasā and pramāthinī, kāśyā śāradvatī caiva mauneyāpsarasaḥ smṛtāḥ | kāśyā and śaradvatī are known as divine women born to muni. viśvāvasurbharaṇyaścha gandharvāścaiva viśrutāḥ ||3-36-47 viśvā, vasu and bharaṇi, the famous gandharva-s, menakā sahajanyā ca parṇikā puṣjikasthalā | ghṛtasthalā ghṛtācī ca viśvācī chorvaśī tathā ||3-36-48 menakā, sahajanyā, parṇikā, puṣjikasthalā, ghṛhasthalā, ghṛtācī, viśvācī and also urvaśī, anumlochetyabhikhyātā pramlocheti ca tā daśa | manovatī cāpi tathā vaidikyo'psarasastathā ||3-36-49 the one with the name anumlocha and also pramlocha, the ten divine women, and also manovatī described in the veda-s, prajāpatestu saṅkalpātsaṁbhūtā bhuvanapriyāḥ | the women dear to the world are born from the concept formed in the mind of the lord of beings. (Conceptual daughters). amṛtaṁ brāhmaṇā gāvo rudrāścheti catuṣṭayam ||3-36-50 surabhyapatyamityetatpurāṇe nishchayo mahān | The ancient histories confirm that, the amṛta (nectar), the brāhmaṇas, the cows and rudra-s are the children of surabhi. etadvai kaśyapāpatyaṁ manorvaṁśaṁ nibodha me ||3-36-51 These are the children of kashyapa. Now hear about the race of manu. saṅkṣepeṇaiva tatsarvaṁ kīrtayiṣyāmi te'nagha | viśvedevāstu viśvāyāḥ sādhyā sādhyānvyajāyata ||3-36-52 O the one without any sin! (O janamejaya! vaiśampāyana continued) All that, I will describe to you, in brief. The gods of the world are viśvā's sons. sādhyā gave birth to the deva-s , sādhyas. marutvatyāṁ marutvanto vasostu vasavaḥ smṛtāḥ | bhānostu bhānavastāta muhūrtāścha muhūrtajāḥ ||3-36-53 maruts were born from marutvatī. Vasu's son are known as vasavas. O son! (janamejaya! vaiśaṁpāyana continued) bhānu's sons are bhānu and muhūrta-s are born from muhūrta. lambā ghoṣaṁ vijajṣe'tha nāgavīthī ca jāmijā | pṛthivyāṁ viṣamaṁ sarvaṁ marutvatyāmajāyata ||3-36-54 lambā gave birth to ghoṣa and jāmi (yāmi) gave birth to nāgavīthi. All that is rough on the earth is born from marutvati. saṅkalpāyāstu kauravya jajṣe saṅkalpa eva ca | dharmasya putro lakṣmyāstu kāmo jajṣe jagatprabhuḥ ||3-36-55 O the one of the race of kuru! (janamejaya! vaiśampāyana continued) saṅkalpa was born to saṅkalpā. From lakṣmī, dharma had the son known as kāma, the lord of the world. yasho harṣaścha kāmaścha ratyāṁ putradvayaṁ smṛtam | somasya putro rohiṇyāṁ jajṣe varcā mahāprabhaḥ ||3-36-56 kāma had two sons, yasha and harṣa from rati. soma (moon) had the son, varchas, the great lord, from rohiṇī. udayanneva bhagavānvarchasvī yena jāyate | When the lord (moon) rises, he rises with splendour (varchas). purūravāścha bhagavānurvaśī yena jāyate ||3-36-57 To the lord varchas, the son purūravas was born, with whom urvaśī fell in love. evaṁ putrasahasrāṇi strīṇāṁ caiva parasparam | etāvattu jaganmūlaṁ yatra lokāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ ||3-36-58 In this way, thousands of children were born for the men and the women. This is the cause for the progress and establishment of the world. prajāpatistu bhagavānguṇataḥ prekṣya dehinaḥ | ādhipatyeṣu yukteṣu niyojayati yogavit ||3-36-59 The lord, the lord of beings, the one with yoga, considering the qualities present in the children, gave them suitable control and lordship. disho daśa kṣitimṛṣayo'rṇavānnagā- ndrumauṣadhīruragasaritsurāsurān | prajāpatirbhuvanasṛjo nabhobhuvaḥ kriyāmakhānatha kṛtavāngirīṁścha saḥ ||3-36-60 The lord of beings created all the ten directions, the earth, the sages, the ocean, the mountains, the trees, the medicinal plants, the serpents, the rivers, the deva-s and the demons, the creators of the world, the sky, the universe, the actions , sacrifices and also all the groups of mountains. iti śrīmahābhārate khileṣu harivaṁśe bhaviṣyaparvaṇi vārāhe jagatsarge ṣaṭtriṁśo'dhyāyaḥ Thus this is the thirty-sixth chapter in varāhaprādurbhāva, of bhaviṣyaparva, harivaṁśa, khila of mahābhārata, birth of hiraṇyagarbha and others Note 1: After 3-36-33(1) gitā press (page 1047) has the following line: dvāvapyamitavikrāntau tapasā kashyapopamau || both with unlimited valiance and having penance comparable to kashyapa. The malayalam translation of this line is available on page 897, volume 6 (kkt) nīlakaṇṭha commentary · 3-36-1 jagaditi | jagadityādinā sthāvarajaṅgamasṛṣṭimāha | īti śrīmahābhārate khileṣu harivaṁśe bhaviṣyaparvaṇi ṭīkāyāṁ śaṭtriṁśo'dhyāyaḥ