Parva 3 Chapter 88: atha śrīśivakṛtā viṣṇustutiḥ - shiva praises viṣṇu

vaiśampāyana said: Then the lord having the bull as the sign on his flagstaff, the lord holding the trident, the lord of umā himself, lord shiva, taking with his hand, the hand of viṣṇu (kṛṣṇa ) who holds the cakra, provāca bhagavānrudraḥ keśavaṁ garuḍadhvajam | śṛṇvatāṁ sarvadevānāṁ munīnāṁ bhāvitātmanām ||3-88-2 the lord rudra (shiva), said the following to keshava (kṛṣṇa), having garuḍa as the sign on his flag, as all the gods and the sages having purified souls were listening: kimidaṁ devadevesha cakrapāṇe janārdana | tapaścaryā kimarthaṁ te prārthanā tava kā vibho ||3-88-3 (Lord shiva said) O The lord of gods! O the one who holds the cakra! janārdana (*)! Why are you performing this penance? O lord! What is your prayer for? svayaṁ viṣṇurbhavānnityastapastvaṁ tapasāṁ hare | putrārthaṁ yadi te deva tapaścaryā janārdana ||3-88-4 O hari (viṣṇu, kṛṣṇa)! You, viṣṇu yourself is the object of penance for all penances! janārdana (*) If you are performing the penance for getting a son, putro datto mayā deva pūrvameva jagatpate | śṛṇu tatrāpi bhagavankāraṇaṁ kāraṇātmaka ||3-88-5 O lord! O lord of the universe! A son is already given by me to you. O lord! O the lord having the soul of cause! Listen to the reason for the same. tapaśchartuṁ pravṛtto'haṁ kutaśchitkāraṇāddhare | varṣāyutaṁ mahāghoraṁ purā kṛtayuge tadā ||3-88-6 O hari! (viṣṇu, kṛṣṇa) I was engaged in penance for some purpose. Long ago, in the era of kṛta, I was doing a highly severe penance for ten thousand years. bhavānī tatra me deva parichartuṁ tadābhavat | pitrā niyuktā devesha umaiṣā varavarṇinī ||3-88-7 At that time, the beautiful goddess bhavānī, umā, O lord, was serving me there, O the lord of lords, as directed by her father. bhīta indrastadā deva māraṁ māṁ praiṣayattadā | madhunā saha saṁyukte māro māmāgatastadā ||3-88-8 O lord! Then indra became afraid and sent the lord of love there. Joining with the season of spring, the lord of love came near me, lakṣyaṁ māmakarottatra bāṇasya preṣitasya ha | eṣā māṁ sevate tatra dānātpuṣpādināṁ hare ||3-88-9 took aim and shot an arrow at me. O hari (viṣṇu, kṛṣṇa)! The goddess was serving me there by providing flowers, etc., for the sacrifice. tataḥ kruddho'hamabhavaṁ dṛṣṭvā māraṁ tathāvidham | kruddhyato mama devesha netrādagniḥ papāta ha ||3-88-10 Seeing the god of love there in that manner, I became angry. O lord of gods! Fire came out from the eyes of mine, who had become angry. so'yamagnistadā māraṁ bhasmasātkṛtavānhare | acintayaṁ tadā viṣṇo śakrasyaitacchikīrṣitam ||3-88-11 O hari (viṣṇu, kṛṣṇa)! That fire burned the god of love to ashes there. O viṣṇu (kṛṣṇa)! Then I thought: This is the work of śakra (indra). tataḥ prabhṛti devesha dayā taṁ prati vartate | brahmaṇā ca niyukto'smi prītastatra janārdana ||3-88-12 O the lord of lords! From that time onwards, I have kindness towards the god of love. janārdana (*)! Pleased with me , Lord brahma also prompted me then. niyuktaḥ putrarūpeṇa sa te deva jagatpate | jyeṣṭhastava suto deva pradyumnetyabhiviśrutaḥ ||3-88-13 smaraṁ taṁ viddhi devesha nātra kāryā vicāraṇā | He (the lord of love) was directed to be in the form of your son, O lord of the universe! O lord! O lord of gods! Consider the lord of love as your first son, who will become famous by the name pradyumna. There is nothing else to be thought on this. ityuktvā punarāhedaṁ yāthātmyaṁ darshayanniva ||3-88-14 (vaiśampāyana continued: O janamejaya!) After speaking thus, lord shiva again spoke as though he was showing (explaining) the true form. munīnāṁ śrotukāmānāṁ yathātmyaṁ tatra sattamaḥ | aṣjaliṁ saṁpuṭaṁ kṛtvā viṣṇumuddiśya śaṅkaraḥ ||3-88-15 The auspicious lord, who causes prosperity, śaṅkara, folding his hands, intending viṣṇu himself, the best one, spoke again as the sages were desirous of hearing about the true form. umayā sārdhamīśāno yathātmyaṁ vaktumaihata | hare kurvati tatraivamaṣjaliṁ kurusattama ||3-88-16 O the best among the kurus! ( janamejaya! vaiśampāyana continued) The lord īśāna, shiva, along with umā, bowing to hari, spoke about the true form, folding his hands. munayo devagandharvāḥ siddhāścha sahakinnarāḥ | aṣjaliṁ cakrire viṣṇordevadeveśvare harau ||3-88-17 The sages, deva-s, gandharva-s, siddha-s, along with kinnara-s folded their hands and bowed to viṣṇu, the lord of gods and the lord hara, the destroyer (shiva). maheshvara uvāca yattatkāraṇamāhustatsāṅkhyāḥ prakṛtisaṁjṣakam | tato mahānsamutpannaḥ prakṛtiryasya kāraṇam ||3-88-18 The great lord said: The mahat was born in nature, which the followers of sāṅkhya name as the cause. The nature is the cause for the same. tridhā bhūtaṁ jagadyoniṁ pradhānaṁ kāraṇātmakam | sattvaṁ rajastamo viṣṇo jagadaṇḍaṁ janārdanaḥ ||3-88-19 O viṣṇu! O janārdana (*)! The source of the universe, the egg of the universe, exists in three forms such as sattva, rajas and tamas with the important soul of cause. tasya kāraṇamāhustvaṁ sāṅkhyaprakṛtisa~jṣakam | tadrūpeṇa bhavānviṣṇo pariṇamyādhitiṣṭhati ||3-88-20 The followers of sāṅkhya say that you, in the form of nature, are the cause for the same. O viṣṇu! Evolving yourself in that form, you reside there. tasmāttu mahato ghorādahaṅkāro mahānabhūt | sa tvamādau jagannātha pariṇāmastathā hi saḥ ||3-88-21 From that terrible mahat, the great feeling of self is born. O the lord of universe! From that, the evolution followed. ahaṅkārātprabho deva kāraṇāni mahānti ca | tanmātrāṇi tathā paṣcha bhūtāni prabhavantyuta ||3-88-22 O lord! From ahaṅkāra, the great causes, the tanmātra-s as well as paṣchabhūta-s were born. tāni tvāmāhurīśānaṁ bhūtānīha jagatpate | pṛthivī vāyurākāśamāpo jyotishcha paṣchamam ||3-88-23 O the lord of the universe! You are those elements viz., earth , wind, sky, water and the fifth, light as well as the lord (who governs them). cakṣurghrāṇaṁ tathā sparsho rasanaṁ shrotrameva ca | manaḥ ṣaṣṭhaṁ tathā deva prerakaṁ tatra tatra ha ||3-88-24 The sight, smell as well as touch, taste as well as hearing and the mind as the sixth, O lord, prompts the respective senses. karmendriyāṇi cānyāni vāgādīni janārdana | tvameva tāni sarvāni karoṣi niyatātmavān ||3-88-25 O janārdana (*)! You are also all the senses of action such as speech. With a controlled soul, you make them work. sveṣu sveṣu jagannātha viṣayeṣu tathā hare | niveshayasi devesha yogyāmindriyapaddhatiṁ ||3-88-26 O the lord of the universe! In each of the subjects (of the senses) O hari, you yoke a suitable course of action, O lord of gods! yadā tvaṁ rajasā yuktastadā bhūtāni sṛṣṭavān | yadā ca sattvayukto'si tadā pātā jagattrayam ||3-88-27 When you are yoked with rajas, you create the beings. When you are yoked with sattva, you maintain all the three worlds. yadā tvaṁ tamasā''kṛṣṭastadā saṁharase jagat | tribhireva guṇairyuktaḥ sṛṣṭirakṣāvināśane ||3-88-28 vartase trividhāṁ bhūtimādāya niyatātmavān | When you are yoked with tamas, you destroy the world. Yoked with the three qualities (rajas, sat and tamas) you engage in creation, maintenance and destruction, taking up three types of prosperous existence with a controlled soul. indriyāṇīndriyārtheṣu niyojayasi mādhava ||3-88-29 prāṇināmupabhogārthamantaḥ sthitvā jagadguro | O mādhava (kṛṣṇa, viṣṇu)! Staying inside the living beings, you engage the senses so that the living beings can enjoy the sensory subjects. tasmātsarvatra bhūteṣu vartate sarvabhogavān ||3-88-30 Hence you exist in all beings enjoying all the sensory subjects. brahmā tvaṁ sṛṣṭikāle tu sthitau viṣṇurasi prabho | saṁhāre rudranāmāsi tridhāmā tvamasi prabho ||3-88-31 During the time of creation, you are brahmā, O lord you are viṣṇu during creation. During destruction, you are having the name rudra. O lord! Hence you have three residences! bhūmirāpo'nalo vāyuḥ khaṁ mano buddhireva ca | etāḥ prakṛtayo deva bhinnāḥ sarvatra te hare ||3-88-32 O Hari! (viṣṇu!) The earth, water, fire, wind, sky, mind as well as intellect - O lord! All these are your different natures everywhere. sahasraśīrṣā puruṣaḥ sahasrākṣaḥ sahasrapāt | sahasradhāraḥ sāhasrī sahasrātmā divaspatiḥ ||3-88-33 You are the puruṣa with thousand heads, thousand eyes, thousand legs, thousand arms, thousand forms, thousand souls, the lord of heaven. bhūmiṁ sarvāmimāṁ prāpya saptadvīpāṁ sasāgarām | aṇuḥ sarvatrago bhūtvā atyatiṣṭhaddaśāṅgulam ||3-88-34 Pervading the entire earth with seven islands, surrounded by seven oceans, becoming minute as well as all the gross, you exceed this universe by ten fingers (you exist in the form of a child encompassing all the universe). tvamevedaṁ jagatsarvaṁ yadbhūtaṁ yadbhaviṣyati | tvatto virāṭprādurabhūtsamrāṭcaiva janārdana ||3-88-35 You are all the entire universe which was born (in the past) and which will be in future. O janārdana(*)! The principal as well as the sovereign lord evolved from you! tava vaktrājjagannātha brāhmaṇo lokarakṣakaḥ | prādurāsītpurāṇātmanṣaṭkarmanirataḥ sadā ||3-88-36 O the lord of the universe! The brāhmaṇa, the twice born, the protector of the world, the ancient soul, the one who is always engaged in six types of always, evolved from your face. rājanyastu tathā bāhvorāsītsaṁrakṣaṇe rataḥ | ūrvorvaiśyastathā viśṇoḥ pādāccūdra udāhṛtaḥ ||3-88-37 kṣatriya, who is always engaged in protection, came from your arms. vaishya, the trader evolved from the thighs of viṣṇu and śūdra evolved from the legs. evaṁ varṇā jagannātha tava dehājjanārdana | Thus the four varṇa-s (brāhmaṇa, kṣatriya vaishya and śūdra), O lord of the universe, were born from your body, O janārdana (*)! manasastava devesha candramāḥ samapadyata ||3-88-38 sukhakṛtsarvabhūtānāṁ śītāṁśuramitaprabhaḥ | O the lord of gods! The moon with high splendor, having cool rays, who provides comfort for all beings, evolved from your mind. akṣṇoḥ sūryaḥ samutpannaḥ sarvaprāṇivilocanaḥ ||3-88-39 yasya bhāsā jagatsarvaṁ bhāsate bhānumānasau | The sun, the eye of all beings, evolved from your eyes. All the universe dazzles with his splendor. He is the one with rays. mukhādindraścha agnishcha prāṇādvāyurajāyata ||3-88-40 nābherabhūdantarikṣaṁ tava deva janārdana | O lord! janārdana (*)! īndra and agni were born from your face. The wind was born from your life force and the sky evolved from your navel. dyaurāsīttu mahāghorā shirasastava gopate ||3-88-41 padbhyāṁ bhūmiḥ samutpannā diśaḥ śrotrājjagatpa te | The highly vast sky was born from you head, O the lord of rays! The earth evolved from your feet. O the lord of the universe! The directions evolved from your ears. evaṁ sṛṣṭvā jagatsarvaṁ vyāpya sarvam vyavāsthitaḥ ||3-88-42 vyāpya sarvānimā.ṇllokānsthitaḥ sarvatra keshava | Thus creating the entire universe, you pervade all of the universe. Pervading all these worlds, O keshava! ( kṛṣṇa) you stay everywhere. tatashcha viṣṇunāmāsi dhātorvyāpteścha darśanāt ||3-88-43 Hence you have the name viṣṇu, since you are seen to pervade all in the form of elements. nārā āpaḥ samākhyātāstāsāmayanamāditaḥ | yatastvaṁ bhūtabhavyeśa tannārāyaṇaśabditaḥ ||3-88-44 You are the path of water (āpa) which are nārā, from the beginning. Hence O the lord who is interested in the welfare of beings! You are spoken as nārāyaṇa. harasi prāṇino deva tato haririti smṛtaḥ | śaṅkaro'si sadā deva tataḥ śaṅkaratāṁ gataḥ ||3-88-45 O lord! You destroy the beings. Hence you are remembered as hari. You always cause auspiciousness. Hence you are śaṅkara. bṛhattvādbṛṁhaṇatvāccha tasmādbrahmeti śabditaḥ | madhurindriyanāmeti tato madhuniṣūdanaḥ ||3-88-46 Due to your vastness and huge nature, you are spoken as brahma. madhu refers to the senses. Hence you are the destroyer of senses. hṛṣīkāṇīndriyāṇyāhusteṣāmīśo yato bhavān | hṛṣīkeśastato viṣṇo khyāto deveṣu keshava ||3-88-47 Senses refer to sensory organs and you are the lord of them. Hence, O viśṇu, you are famous as hṛṣīkeśa, the lord of sensory organs, O keshava, among the lords. ka iti brahmaṇo nāma īśo'haṁ sarvadehinām | āvām tavāṅgasaṁbhūtau tasmātkeśavanāmavān ||3-88-48 ka is the name of brahma. I am (shiva) the lord of all beings. We are born from your limbs. Hence you have the name keshava. mā vidyā ca hare proktā tasyā Isho yato bhavān | tasmānmādhavanāmāsi dhavaḥ svāmīti śabditaḥ ||3-88-49 O hari! mā is knowledge and you are the lord of the same. Hence you have the name, mādhava and you are called as such. gaureṣā tu yato vāṇī tāṁ ca veda yato bhavān | govindastu tato deva munibhiḥ kathyate bhavān ||3-88-50 gau is speech and you have the knowledge of speech. Hence O lord, the sages also call you as govinda. trirityeva trayo devāḥ kīrtitā munisattamaiḥ | kramate tāṁstathā sarvāstrivikrama iti śrutaḥ ||3-88-51 The best among the sages say that tri refers to the three vedas. You measure all the three vedas and you are famous as trivikrama, the one who measured all three vedas. aṇurvāmananāmāsi yatastvaṁ vāmanākhyayā | mananānmunirevāsi yamanādyatirucyase ||3-88-52 You have the name, minute (aṇu), the dwarf (vāmana). Hence you have the name vāmana. By meditation, you are the sage (muni). By restraining, you are the restrainer (yati). tapashcharasi yasmāttvaṁ tapasvīti ca śabditaḥ | vasanti tvayi bhūtani bhūtāvāsastato hare ||3-88-53 Since you perform penance, you are called the performer of penance (tapasvi). O hari! You reside in the beings. Hence you are the resident of beings. īśastvaṁ sarvabhūtānāmīśvaro'si tato hare | praṇavaḥ sarvavedānāṁ gāyatrī chandasāṁ prabho ||3-88-54 You are the lord of all beings. O hari! Hence you are the lord (of all). You are the sound Om (praṇava) among all vedas. O lord, you are gāyatri among all metres. akṣarāṇāmakārastvaṁ sphoṭastvaṁ varṇasaṁśrayaḥ | rudrāṇāmahamevāsi vasūnāṁ pāvako bhavān ||3-88-55 Among the letters, you are the letter a. You are the eternal sound, sphoṭa based on which the combination of vowels derive the meaning (**). Among the rudra-s, you are me (shiva). Among the vasu-s, you are the fire (agni). ashvattho vṛkṣajātīnāṁ brahmā lokagururbhavān | merustvaṁ parvatendrāṇāṁ devarṣīṇāṁ ca nāradaḥ ||3-88-56 Among the trees, you are the holy fig tree (Ficus Religiosa). You are brahma among the preceptors of the world. You are the meru among the kings of parvatas. Among the deva sages, you are nārada. dānavānāṁ bhavāndaityaḥ prahrādo bhaktavatsalaḥ | sarpāṇāmeva sarveṣāṁ bhavānvāsukisaṁjṣitaḥ ||3-88-57 Among the sons of danu, you are prahrāda, the son of diti, the one affectionate to the devotees. Among all the serpents, you are vāsuki. guhyakānāṁ ca sarveṣāṁ bhavāndhanada eva ca | varuṇo yādasāṁ rājā gaṅgā tripathabhāgbhavān ||3-88-58 Among the guhyaka-s, you are the lord of wealth, kubera. You are varuṇa, the king of aquatic beings. Among the rivers, you are the heavenly river gaṅga. ādistvaṁ sarvabhūtānāṁ madhyamantastathā bhavān | tvattaḥ samabhavadviśvaṁ tvayi sarvaṁ pralīyate ||3-88-59 You are the beginning, the middle as well as the end for all beings. The world was born from you. All the world will dissolve in you. ahaṁ tvaṁ sarvago deva tvamevāham janārdana | āvayorantaraṁ nāsti śabdairarthairjagatpate ||3-88-60 O lord! I am you, the omnipresent. O janārdana (*)! You are me. There is no difference between us, O the lord of universe, in word or meaning. nāmāni tava govinda yāni loke mahānti ca | tānyeva mama nāmāni nātra kāryā vicāraṇā ||3-88-61 O govinda (viṣṇu, kṛṣna)! Your names are the greatest and best in the world. Those are my names as well. There is nothing further to be thought on this. tvadupāsā jagannātha saivāstu mama gopate | yashcha tvāṁ dveṣṭi devesha sa māṁ dveṣṭi na saṁśayaḥ ||3-88-62 O the lord of the universe! Your worship is the same as my worship, O the lord of knowledge! Those who hate you, hate me as well. There is no doubt in this. tvadvistāro yato deva ahaṁ bhūtapatistataḥ | na tadasti vinā deva yatte virahitaṁ hare ||3-88-63 In your expansion, O lord! I became the lord of beings. O hari! O lord! There is nothing which exists without you. yadāsīdvartate yaccha yaccha bhāvi jagatpate | sarvaṁ tvameva devesha vinā kiṁchittvayā na hi ||3-88-64 O the lord of universe, whatsoever is existing and whatsoever will exist - All are you, O lord of lords! There is nothing without you. stuvanti devāḥ satataṁ bhavantaṁ svairguṇaiḥ prabho | ṛkcha tvaṁ yajurevāsi sāmāsi satataṁ prabho ||3-88-65 O lord! The gods always praise you with your qualities. O lord! You are the ṛk (veda) always. You are the yajurveda and you are the sāmaveda, always. kimucyate mayā deva sarvaṁ tvaṁ bhūtabhāvana | namaḥ sarvātmanā deva viṣṇo mādhava keshava ||3-88-66 O lord! What can I say (more)? O the one who is concerned with the welfare of beings! All are you. O lord! O viṣṇu! O mādhava! O keshava! I bow to you with all my soul! namaskaromi sarvātmannamaste'stu sadā hare | namaḥ puṣkaranābhāya vande tvāmahamīśvara ||3-88-67 O the soul of all! I bow to you. O hari! I pay obeisance to you always. I bow to the lord from whose navel puṣkara was born. O lord! I bow to you. iti śrīmahābhārate khileṣu harivaṁśe bhaviṣyaparvaṇi kailāsayātrāyāṁ śivakṛtaviṣṇustutau aṣṭāśītitamo'dhyāyaḥ This is the eighty-eighth chapter of bhaviṣyaparva, harivaṁśa, khila of mahabhārata, in kalāsayātra, shiva praises viṣṇu *ṭranslator's Note: janārdana: (1) janaiḥ puruṣārthamabhyudayaniḥśreyasalakṣaṇaṁ yācyate iti janārdana (To whom people pray for success and liberation) (2) janān durjanānardayati hinasti, narakādīn gamayatīti vā janārdana (he who punishes the wicked people) See page 53, srīviṣṇusahasranāmastotraṁ śaṅkarabhāṣya bhāṣābhāṣyasahitam, swami nirmalānanda sarasvati, second edition, (1998) ṣivanandāśramam, Palakkad -9. English translation is from page 33 srivishnusahasranamastotram with notes in Sanskrit and English, G.S.R. Narasimhamurty, (2009) Sri Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham, Kancheepuram (**) According to sarvadarśanasaṁgraha, sphoṭa is eternal sound based on which the vowels derive meaning. For example, in the word kamala, separate pronunciation of the vowels ka,ma,la does not mean anything, but the combined pronunciation of the vowels together creates the sphoṭa (the eternal sound ), which imparts the meaning of lotus. Some consider sphoṭa as the cause of the world See Footnote on page 1254, sriharivaṁśapurāṇam, hindi ṭīkāsahita, gītā press, Gorakhpur (2006) nīlakaṇṭha commentary · 3-88-1 tata iti · 3-88-43 dhātoḥ viṣlṛ vyāptau ityasya vyāptyarthatvadarśanāt iti śrīmahābhārate khileṣu harivaṁśe bhaviṣyaparvaṇi ṭīkāyāṁ śivakṛtā viṣṇustutirnāmāṣṭāśītitamo'dhyāyaḥ