Devanagari
जितासनो जितश्वास: प्रत्याहृतषडिन्द्रिय: ।
हरिभावनया ध्वस्तरज:सत्त्वतमोमल: ॥ ५४ ॥
Verse text
jitāsano jita-śvāsaḥ
pratyāhṛta-ṣaḍ-indriyaḥ
hari-bhāvanayā dhvasta-
rajaḥ-sattva-tamo-malaḥ
Synonyms
jita
—
āsanaḥ — one who has controlled the sitting posture
;
jita
—
śvāsaḥ — one who has controlled the breathing process
;
pratyāhṛta
—
turning back
;
ṣaṭ
—
six
;
indriyaḥ
—
senses
;
hari
—
the Absolute Personality of Godhead
;
bhāvanayā
—
absorbed in
;
dhvasta
—
conquered
;
rajaḥ
—
passion
;
sattva
—
goodness
;
tamaḥ
—
ignorance
;
malaḥ
—
contaminations .
Translation
One who has controlled the sitting postures [the yogic āsanas] and the breathing process can turn the senses toward the Absolute Personality of Godhead and thus become immune to the contaminations of the modes of material nature, namely mundane goodness, passion and ignorance.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
At that place Dhṛtarāṣtṛa, bathing three times a day, performing sacrifice according to scriptural rules, drinking only water as food, controlling the mind, ridding himself of material desires, perfecting sitting postures and breathing, withdrawing the six senses, has destroyed the contamination of sattva, rajas and tamas by meditation on the Lord.
Purport
The preliminary activities of the way of
yoga
are
āsana, prāṇāyāma, pratyāhāra, dhyāna, dhāraṇā,
etc. Mahārāja Dhṛtarāṣṭra was to attain success in those preliminary actions because he was seated in a sanctified place and was concentrating upon one objective, namely the Supreme Personality of Godhead (Hari). Thus all his senses were being engaged in the service of the Lord. This process directly helps the devotee to get freedom from the contaminations of the three material modes of nature. Even the highest mode, the material mode of goodness, is also a cause of material bondage, and what to speak of the other qualities, namely passion and ignorance. Passion and ignorance increase the material propensities of hankering for material enjoyment, and a strong sense of lust provokes the accumulation of wealth and power. One who has conquered these two base mentalities and has raised himself to the platform of goodness, which is full of knowledge and morality, cannot also control the senses, namely the eyes, the tongue, the nose, the ear and touch. But one who has surrendered himself unto the lotus feet of Lord Hari, as above mentioned, can transcend all influences of the modes of material nature and be fixed in the service of the Lord. The
bhakti-yoga
process, therefore, directly applies the senses to the loving service of the Lord. This prohibits the performer from engaging in material activities. This process of turning the senses from material attachment to the loving transcendental service of the Lord is called
pratyāhāra,
and the very process is called
prāṇāyāma,
ultimately ending in
samādhi,
or absorption in pleasing the Supreme Lord Hari by all means.
Commentary (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
The process of aṣṭāṅga-yoga that he performed is described in four verses. The niyamas are bathing, sacrifice and taking water as food. The yamas are calming the mind (upaśāntātmā) and destroying attachments (vigataiṣaṇaḥ). Āsana, prāṇāyāma and pratyāhārā are described in the third line. Dhāraṇā and dhyāna are described in the last line.