Devanagari
एवं कुकुद्मिनं हत्वा स्तूयमान: द्विजातिभि: ।
विवेश गोष्ठं सबलो गोपीनां नयनोत्सव: ॥ १५ ॥
Verse text
evaṁ kukudminaṁ hatvā
stūyamānaḥ dvijātibhiḥ
viveśa goṣṭhaṁ sa-balo
gopīnāṁ nayanotsavaḥ
Synonyms
evam
—
thus
;
kukudminam
—
the humped (bull demon)
;
hatvā
—
killing
;
stūyamānaḥ
—
being praised
;
dvijātibhiḥ
—
by the brāhmaṇas
;
viveśa
—
He entered
;
goṣṭham
—
the cowherd village
;
sa
—
balaḥ — together with Lord Balarāma
;
gopīnām
—
of the gopīs
;
nayana
—
for the eyes
;
utsavaḥ
—
who is a festival .
Translation
Having thus killed the bull demon Ariṣṭa, He who is a festival for the gopīs’ eyes entered the cowherd village with Balarāma.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
Having thus killed the bull demon Ariṣṭa, He who is a festival for the gopīs' eyes entered the cowherd village with Balarāma.
KB 10.36.15
The demigods in the celestial planets showered flowers on Kṛṣṇa for His wonderful achievement. Kṛṣṇa was already the life and soul of the inhabitants of Vṛndāvana, and after killing this demon in the shape of a bull, He became the cynosure of all eyes. With Balarāma, He triumphantly entered Vṛndāvana village, and the inhabitants glorified Him and Balarāma with great jubilation. When a person performs some wonderful feat, his kinsmen and relatives and friends naturally become jubilant.
Purport
This verse exemplifies the sublime contrast of spiritual qualities within Śrī Kṛṣṇa. In one four-line verse we simultaneously learn that Lord Kṛṣṇa killed a powerful and wicked demon and that His boyish beauty gave festive pleasure to His young girlfriends. Lord Kṛṣṇa is as hard as a thunderbolt or as soft as a rose, depending on our attitude toward Him. The demon Ariṣṭa wanted to kill Kṛṣṇa and all His friends, so the Lord beat him into a wet rag and killed him. The
gopīs,
however, loved Kṛṣṇa, and thus the Lord boyishly reciprocated their conjugal feelings.
Purport (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
The puranas describe how Radha kunda and Shyama kunda appeared after the killing of Aristasura as a result of a conversation between Radha and Krsna.
"O sinful killer of a bull! Do not touch me today."
"O foolish woman! This is not a bull, but a terrible demon."
"O Krsna, that may be true, but he belongs to the species of cattle, just as Vrtrasura, though a demon, was still a brahmana."
"O Radha! What is the acquittal for this act?"
"You will become pure by performing the austerity of bathing in all the holy waters of the three worlds."
"How will I go around the three worlds? I will bring all the holy places here and bathe in them. Just watch now."
Saying that, Mukunda stamped on the earth with his heel, making a hole, and said, "Come here." All the holy waters came there along from Ganga situated in Patala with their presiding deities.
Krsna said to the gopis, "Behold all the holy waters!"
But they did not believe his words. The presiding deities, folding their hands, came forward and introduced themselves.
"I am the salt ocean. I am the milk ocean. I am the svarga dighi, I am the red ocean. I am the Tamraparni,. I am Puskara, I am Sarasvati I am Godavari I am Yamuna. I am Sarayu, I am Prayaga. I am Reva."
"See all these waters and believe me."
Bathing in the waters Krsna became clean. "I have made one lake in which all the tirthas reside. None of you have performed such pious work."
Hearing this, Radha said to her friends, "We must also make an attractive kunda. You should construct one with great care." West of Krsna’s kunda, where Arista had made a hole with his foot, the gopis began to take earth in their hands and in two and half hours made a beautiful kunda.
Seeing their kunda, Krsna began to think of having rasa. "O lotus eyed Radha, please take some of the holy water from my kunda and fill up your kunda."
Hearing this Radha said, "No, no! That water is no good, coming from one who has sinfully killed a bull. I will fill up this kunda with a thousand pots of water from Manasa Ganga. By this my fame will be spread throughout the universe."
Taking the cue from Krsna all the holy waters of his kunda, taking on one transcendental form, approached Radha, offered obeisances, and with folded hands and tears in her eyes, began to offer praises. "O goddess, those who know scripture do not know your glories. Brahma does not know, nor Siva, nor Laksmi. Only Krsna, best of men, who wipes the perspiration from your limbs, who decorates your feet with skilful designs and puts your anklets on your feet knows. Just getting the glance from your lotus eye, we will think ourselves superbly fortunate and will reach the highest bliss. We reside in this place made by Krsna’s heel. On his order we have come here. If you are pleased, give your merciful glance. Then our desire tree will be able to bear fruit."
Being satisfied with the praises of the tirthas, Radha said, "Know that your desire has been fulfilled."
The tirthas clearly stated their desire. "Our lives will be successful if we can enter your kunda. This is the boon we pray for."
Then Radha, glancing at Krsna, said, "Come, come."
Hearing this, the same minded gopis became submerged in ecstasy. All moving and non moving creatures became enlivened. Having attained the mercy of Radha, all the tirthas broke their bank and swiftly flowed into Radha’s kunda, filling it up.
Krsna said, "O most beloved! May your kunda become more famous in the world than mine. In your kunda I will perform water pastimes I will bathe there daily. As you are most dear to me, so is your kunda"
Radha said, "Along with my frineds, I will also bathe in Radha kunda. May the kunda destroy a hundred misfortunes. I will be most pleased with that person who shows devotion to this kunda, who bathes in it, and who resides near it."
The lightening form of Radha, whose glory is spread throughout the three worlds, who causes a shower of blissful rasa from the cloud of Krsna, performs rasa lila at Radha kunda nightly.
Purport (Jiva Goswami)
He was praised by the cowherds (svajātibhiḥ). This shows their intimacy with him (being his own people). Balarāma had come with Kṛṣṇa for fun, out of affection for his younger brother, to see the demon being killed. Kṛṣṇa was by his nature a joy for the eyes but now having arrived after killing the great enemy he was especially a joy for the eyes. Hari-vaṁśa says:
sa copendro vṛṣaṁ hatvā kānta-candre niśāmukhe
aravindābha-nayanaḥ punar eva raṛama ha
Having killed the bull lotus eyed Kṛṣṇa again enjoyed in the moonlit night.
After returning to the village he again went out. This shows the intense attachment of Kṛṣṇa for the gopīs. Ādi-varāha Purāṇa says:
gaṅgāyāś cottaraṁ gatvā devadevasya cakriṇaḥ
ariṣṭena samaṁ yatra mahad yuddhaṁ pravartitam
ghatayitvā tatas tasmin ariṣṭaṁ vṛṣarūpinam
kopena pāṛṣni-ghātena mahyās tīrthaṁ prakaliptam
North of Manasa-gaṅgā (gaṅgāyāh) the Lord marked with cakras on his feet (cakriṇaḥ), endowed with all powers and sweetness (devadevasya) fought a fierce battle with Ariṣṭa. Killing the demon with the body of a bull at that place, in anger (because the demon had disturbed Vraja) Kṛṣṇa produced a great tīrtha by striking the ground with his heel.
vṛṣabhasya vadho jñeya ātmanaḥ śuddham icchatā
snātas tatra taḍa krṣṇo vṛṣaṁ hatvā sagopakaḥ
Knowing he had killed a bull, he desired purification. He bathed in the tīrtha along with his friends after killing the bull.
vipāpmā rādhām provaca kathaṁ bhadre bhaviṣyati
vṛṣo hatomayā cāyam ariṣṭaḥ papa-sūcakaḥ
tatra rādhā samāśliṣya kṛṣṇām akliṣṭa-kāriṇam
sva-nāmnā viditaṁ kuṇḍaṁ kṛtam tiṛtham adūrataḥ
He spoke to Rādhā. O fortunate Rādhā! How can you be as pious? I am sinless. I have killed the sinful bull Ariṣṭa. Rādhā embraced him, who relieves all fatigue. She made another tīrtha nearby named after her.
rādhā-kuṇḍam iti khyātaṁ sarva pāpaharaṁ śubham
ariṣṭa-rādhā kuṇḍābhām snānat phalam avāpnute
rājasūyāśvamedhābhyām nātra kāryā vicāranā
gohatyā brahma-hatyā ca pāpam kṣipram praṇaśyati
It is famous as Rādhā-kuṇḍa. By bathing in these two kuṇḍas, one achieves auspicious results and all sins are destroyed. The same effect cannot be achieved by a rājasūya or aśvamedha sacrifice. It destroys the sin of killing a cow or a brāhmaṇa. There is no doubt about this.
Kṛṣṇa was worried that the earth wanted to broadcast his killing of the demon. Absorbed in the pastime of the killing, the people will not appreciate the glory of the tīrtha. Therefore he pretended the killing of a bull (actually a demon) was a sin and desired purification. Since the tīrtha supposedly came from Pātāla, he made it glorious by bathing in it. After bathing there, he returned to Vraja according to Hari-vaṁśa. Then after some time, using his flute he called the gopīs for rāsa dance, and on the way to the rāsa arena, where Ariṣṭa had been killed, he met Rādhā and separating her from the rest, spoke to her. Thinking she would make fun of him, he started by saying he was sinless. “I am not sinful, but on the contrary, have become most sinless by constructing this tīrtha. If you do not construct such a tīrtha, how can you become pious?” He explains why he is sinless. “The demon was a bull in form only. He was actually the sinful demon named Ariṣṭa. He is a demon by his actions.” Thinking of this, Rādhā then felt affection for him in this meeting. In that meeting (tatra), she embraced him, giving up her shyness. Out of friendship she also made a kuṇḍa. In order make the kuṇḍa equal to Kṛṣṇa’s, she took the help of her thousands of sakhīs, since it would have been smaller making it on her own. The reason she could make the kuṇḍa was that she had embraced Kṛṣṇa. At first she dug out the earth upraised by Ariṣṭa’s hooves and then solid earth. The kuṇḍa is next to Kṛṣṇa’s kuṇḍa, northeast of Govardhana.
Purport (Sanatana Goswami)
He was praised by the cowherds (svajātibhiḥ). He was pleased by their praise. He had gone outside of the village to kill Ariṣṭa, and thus now entered the village. Previously it was said that Ariṣṭa came to the village. This means he came near the village. Or thinking of causing great disturbance he entered the village. Balarāma had come with Kṛṣṇa, out of affection for his younger brother, to see the demon being killed. He was joy for their eyes. Without seeing him how could they experience any happiness at all? When he went away to kill the demon, they felt great sorrow and when he returned after killing him, they felt great happiness. Or they felt greatly happy on seeing him affectionately after he killed the demon. That night he performed the rāsa dance.
sa copendro vṛṣaṁ hatvā kānta-candre niśāmukhe
aravindābha-nayanaḥ punar eva raṛama ha
Having killed the bull, lotus eyed Kṛṣṇa again enjoyed in the moonlit night. Hari-vaṁśa
On striking his heel to the earth Ariṣṭa-kuṇḍa was formed. Because he had killed a bull, Rādhā joked. He then created another kuṇḍa to satisfy her, famous as Rādhā-kuṇḍa, honored by the whole world. This is described in Varāha Purāṇa. Both kuṇḍas are still present near Govardhana.