Devanagari
श्रीभगवानुवाच
अहमित्यन्यथाबुद्धि: प्रमत्तस्य यथा हृदि ।
उत्सर्पति रजो घोरं ततो वैकारिकं मन: ॥ ९ ॥
रजोयुक्तस्य मनस: सङ्कल्प: सविकल्पक: ।
तत: कामो गुणध्यानाद् दु:सह: स्याद्धि दुर्मते: ॥ १० ॥
Verse text
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
aham ity anyathā-buddhiḥ
pramattasya yathā hṛdi
utsarpati rajo ghoraṁ
tato vaikārikaṁ manaḥ
rajo-yuktasya manasaḥ
saṅkalpaḥ sa-vikalpakaḥ
tataḥ kāmo guṇa-dhyānād
duḥsahaḥ syād dhi durmateḥ
Synonyms
śrī
—
bhagavān uvāca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said
;
aham
—
false identification with the material body and mind
;
iti
—
thus
;
anyathā
—
buddhiḥ — illusory knowledge
;
pramattasya
—
of one who is bereft of actual intelligence
;
yathā
—
accordingly
;
hṛdi
—
within the mind
;
utsarpati
—
arises
;
rajaḥ
—
passion
;
ghoram
—
which brings terrible suffering
;
tataḥ
—
then
;
vaikārikam
—
(originally) in the mode of goodness
;
manaḥ
—
the mind
;
rajaḥ
—
in passion
;
yuktasya
—
of that which is engaged
;
manasaḥ
—
of the mind
;
saṅkalpaḥ
—
material determination
;
sa
—
vikalpakaḥ — along with variation and alternation
;
tataḥ
—
from that
;
kāmaḥ
—
full-fledged material desire
;
guṇa
—
in the modes of nature
;
dhyānāt
—
from concentration
;
duḥsahaḥ
—
unbearable
;
syāt
—
it must so be
;
hi
—
certainly
;
durmateḥ
—
of a foolish person .
Translation
The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: My dear Uddhava, a person bereft of intelligence first falsely identifies himself with the material body and mind, and when such false knowledge arises within one’s consciousness, material passion, the cause of great suffering, pervades the mind, which by nature is situated in goodness. Then the mind, contaminated by passion, becomes absorbed in making and changing many plans for material advancement. Thus, by constantly thinking of the modes of material nature, a foolish person is afflicted with unbearable material desires.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
The Lord said: When the inattentive person mistakenly thinks in his mind that he is the body, terrible rajas overcomes the sattvic mind. The mind in rajas then decides that certain objects are enjoyable and concentrates on them. Then uncontrollable desire arises in the foolish person from absorbing himself in the qualities of the desired object.
Those who enjoy material objects are not called learned, but are called persons who think they are learned. Hear how they enjoy material objects even though criticized. This is expressed in three verses. First, the false identity with the body rises up in the mind. Then, because of inattention, terrible rajas pervades the mind which is in sattva (vaikārikam). The mind first decides “This must be enjoyed.” Then it decides more emphatically “I really must enjoy this.” Then, desire which is difficult to suppress arises from absorption in the objects qualities. “Oh! What a beautiful form! What good character!”
Purport
Those who are trying to enjoy material sense gratification are not actually intelligent, although they consider themselves most intelligent. Although such foolish persons themselves criticize the miseries of material life in innumerable books, songs, newspapers, television programs, civic committees, etc., they cannot desist from material life for a single moment. The process by which one is helplessly bound in illusion is clearly described here.
A materialistic person is always thinking, “Oh, what a beautiful house. I wish we could buy it” or “What a beautiful woman. I wish I could touch her” or “What a powerful position. I wish I could occupy it” and so on. The words
saṅkalpaḥ sa-vikalpakaḥ
indicate that a materialist is always making new plans or modifying his old plans to increase his material enjoyment, although in his saner moments he admits that material life is full of suffering. The mind is created from the mode of goodness, as described in Sāṅkhya philosophy, and the natural, peaceful situation of the mind is pure love of Kṛṣṇa, in which there is no mental disturbance, disappointment or confusion. Artificially, the mind is dragged down to a lower platform in passion or ignorance, and thus one is never satisfied.