Devanagari
श्रीभगवानुवाच
प्रकृति: पुरुषश्चेति विकल्प: पुरुषर्षभ ।
एष वैकारिक: सर्गो गुणव्यतिकरात्मक: ॥ २९ ॥
Verse text
śrī-bhagavān uvāca
prakṛtiḥ puruṣaś ceti
vikalpaḥ puruṣarṣabha
eṣa vaikārikaḥ sargo
guṇa-vyatikarātmakaḥ
Synonyms
śrī
—
bhagavān uvāca — the Supreme Personality of Godhead said
;
prakṛtiḥ
—
nature
;
puruṣaḥ
—
the enjoyer, living entity
;
ca
—
and
;
iti
—
thus
;
vikalpaḥ
—
complete distinction
;
puruṣa
—
ṛṣabha — O best among men
;
eṣaḥ
—
this
;
vaikārikaḥ
—
subject to transformation
;
sargaḥ
—
creation
;
guṇa
—
of the modes of nature
;
vyatikara
—
the agitation
;
ātmakaḥ
—
based upon .
Translation
The Supreme Personality of Godhead said: O best among men, material nature and its enjoyer are clearly distinct. This manifest creation undergoes constant transformation, being founded upon the agitation of the modes of nature.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
The Supreme Lord said: O best among men! Prakṛti and the Lord are clearly distinct. The body, an effect of prakṛti, arising from agitation of the gunās, undergoes many changes.
There is extreme difference between them. Prakrṭi undergoes change, takes various forms, is dependent, and is revealed by another. The Lord does not change, is one form, independent, and self-revealing. This is explained in four verses. The Lord is different from prakṛti. That is seen. The combination in the body (sargaḥ) undergoes many changes, and its nature arises from agitation of the guṇas. The agitation of the guṇas means it is a transformation of prakṛti. The Lord however is only the witness, without change.
Purport
The word
puruṣa
indicates the living entity and also the Supreme Lord, who is the supreme living entity. Material nature, subject to transformation, is full of duality, whereas the Lord is one and absolute. Material nature is dependent on its creator, maintainer and annihilator; the Lord, however, is completely self-reliant and independent. In the same way, material nature is unconscious and dull, lacking self-awareness, whereas the Supreme Lord is self-sufficient omniscience. The individual living entity shares the eternality, bliss and knowledge of the Personality of Godhead and is also completely distinct from material nature.
The word
sarga
here refers to the material amalgamation of the body, which covers the living entity. The material body undergoes constant transformation and is thus clearly different from the living entity, who is eternally the same. In the transcendental kingdom of God there is no conflict or agitation caused by creation, maintenance and destruction as exhibited in the material world. There all variety is resolved in the transcendental loving experience of Kṛṣṇa consciousness, the natural constitutional position of the soul.