Devanagari
नारद उवाच
येनैवारभते कर्म तेनैवामुत्र तत्पुमान् ।
भुङ्क्ते ह्यव्यवधानेन लिङ्गेन मनसा स्वयम् ॥ ६० ॥
Verse text
nārada uvāca
yenaivārabhate karma
tenaivāmutra tat pumān
bhuṅkte hy avyavadhānena
liṅgena manasā svayam
Synonyms
nāradaḥ uvāca
—
Nārada said
;
yena
—
by which
;
eva
—
certainly
;
ārabhate
—
begins
;
karma
—
fruitive activities
;
tena
—
by that body
;
eva
—
certainly
;
amutra
—
in the next life
;
tat
—
that
;
pumān
—
the living entity
;
bhuṅkte
—
enjoys
;
hi
—
because
;
avyavadhānena
—
without any change
;
liṅgena
—
by the subtle body
;
manasā
—
by the mind
;
svayam
—
personally .
Translation
The great sage Nārada continued: The living entity acts in a gross body in this life. This body is forced to act by the subtle body, composed of mind, intelligence and ego. After the gross body is lost, the subtle body is still there to enjoy or suffer. Thus there is no change.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
Nārada said: One enjoys the results after death by the same body which performed the actions while living--through the subtle body with the mind as the principal sense organ, without obstruction of the gross body.
He answers the first question. By the subtle body, by the mind principally, by the senses of which the mind is predominant in performing sin and piety, one enjoys. One enjoys the results of Svarga and hell by these senses in the subtle body. The subtle body gives no obstacle to enjoyment (avyavadhānena). There is not obstacle of a gross body.
Purport
The living entity has two kinds of body — the subtle body and the gross body. Actually he enjoys through the subtle body, which is composed of mind, intelligence and ego. The gross body is the instrumental outer covering. When the gross body is lost, or when it dies, the root of the gross body — the subtle body of mind, intelligence and ego — continues and brings about another gross body. Although the gross body apparently changes, the real root of the gross body is always there. The subtle body’s activities, be they pious or impious, create another situation for the living entity to enjoy or suffer in the next gross body. Thus the subtle body continues, whereas the gross bodies change one after another.
Since modern scientists and philosophers are too materialistic, and since their knowledge is taken away by the illusory energy, they cannot explain how the gross body is changing. The materialistic philosopher Darwin has tried to study the changes of the gross body, but because he had no knowledge of either the subtle body or the soul, he could not clearly explain how the evolutionary process is going on. One may change the gross body, but he works in the subtle body. People cannot understand the activities of the subtle body, and consequently they are bewildered as to how the actions of one gross body affect another gross body. The activities of the subtle body are also guided by the Supersoul, as explained in
Bhagavad-gītā
(15.15)
:
sarvasya cāhaṁ hṛdi sanniviṣṭo
mattaḥ smṛtir jṣānam apohanaṁ ca
“I am seated in everyone’s heart, and from Me come remembrance, knowledge and forgetfulness.”
Because the Supreme Personality of Godhead as Supersoul is always guiding the individual soul, the individual soul always knows how to act according to the reactions of his past
karma.
In other words, the Supersoul reminds him to act in such a way. Therefore although there is apparently a change in the gross body, there is a continuation between the lives of an individual soul.