Devanagari
निश्चयं शृणु मे तत्र त्यागे भरतसत्तम ।
त्यागो हि पुरुषव्याघ्र त्रिविध: सम्प्रकीर्तित: ॥ ४ ॥
Verse text
niścayaṁ śṛṇu me tatra
tyāge bharata-sattama
tyāgo hi puruṣa-vyāghra
tri-vidhaḥ samprakīrtitaḥ
Synonyms
niścayam
—
certainty
;
śṛṇu
—
hear
;
me
—
from Me
;
tatra
—
therein
;
tyāge
—
in the matter of renunciation
;
bharata-sat-tama
—
O best of the Bhāratas
;
tyāgaḥ
—
renunciation
;
hi
—
certainly
;
puruṣa-vyāghra
—
O tiger among human beings
;
tri-vidhaḥ
—
of three kinds
;
samprakīrtitaḥ
—
is declared.
Translation
O best of the Bhāratas, now hear My judgment about renunciation. O tiger among men, renunciation is declared in the scriptures to be of three kinds.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
4. Hear from Me the conclusion regarding tyāga, O best descendent of Bharata. O tiger among men, tyāga is said to have three types.
Translation (Baladeva Vidyabhusana)
4. Hear from Me the conclusion regarding tyāga, O best descendent of Bharata. O tiger among men, tyāga is said to have three types.
Purport
Although there are differences of opinion about renunciation, here the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Śrī Kṛṣṇa, gives His judgment, which should be taken as final. After all, the Vedas are different laws given by the Lord. Here the Lord is personally present, and His word should be taken as final. The Lord says that the process of renunciation should be considered in terms of the modes of material nature in which it is performed.
Purport (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
In this verse the Lord states His opinion. Tyāga has three types: in sattva, rajas and tamas. The Lord delays describing these three types till verse seven, and then starts with a description of tyāga in the mode of tamas. From the use of the word sannyāsa in describing tamasic tyāga in that verse, it is understood that tyāga and sannyāsa have the same meaning in the opinion of the Lord.
Purport (Baladeva Vidyabhusana)
After describing the different opinions, the Lord states his own opinion.
“Please listen to the conclution coming from Me, the omniscient Supreme Lord, concerning the subject of tyāga, about which there are many opinions.”
“Since you have just explained about tyāga, what more must be heard?”
“You must hear because (hi) three types of tyāga are discerened by the learned, by distinction of sattva, rajas and tamas (tri vidhaḥ). That which is difficult to understand should be heard. Therefore listen about three types.” The description actually starts in verse 7.
Surrender Unto Me
Arjuna replies here: "I asked what is the difference between tyaga and sannyasa, and Your answer is that there is three types of tyaga." And Krsna says: "Don't worry, now I'll tell you definitively!"