SB 11.19.28-32

SB 11.19.28-32

Devanagari

श्रीउद्धव उवाच
यम: कतिविध: प्रोक्तो नियमो वारिकर्षण ।
क: शम: को दम: कृष्ण का तितिक्षा धृति: प्रभो ॥ २८ ॥
किं दानं किं तप: शौर्यं किम् सत्यमृतमुच्यते ।
कस्त्याग: किं धनं चेष्टं को यज्ञ: का च दक्षिणा ॥ २९ ॥
पुंस: किं स्विद् बलं श्रीमन् भगो लाभश्च केशव ।
का विद्या ह्री: परा का श्री: किं सुखं दु:खमेव च ॥ ३० ॥
क: पण्डित: कश्च मूर्ख: क: पन्था उत्पथश्च क: ।
क: स्वर्गो नरक: क: स्वित् को बन्धुरुत किं गृहम् ॥ ३१ ॥
क आढ्य: को दरिद्रो वा कृपण: क: क ईश्वर: ।
एतान् प्रश्न‍ान् मम ब्रूहि विपरीतांश्च सत्पते ॥ ३२ ॥

Verse text

śrī-uddhava uvāca
yamaḥ kati-vidhaḥ prokto
niyamo vāri-karṣaṇa
kaḥ śamaḥ ko damaḥ kṛṣṇa
kā titikṣā dhṛtiḥ prabho
kiṁ dānaṁ kiṁ tapaḥ śauryaṁ
kim satyam ṛtam ucyate
kas tyāgaḥ kiṁ dhanaṁ ceṣṭaṁ
ko yajñaḥ kā ca dakṣiṇā
puṁsaḥ kiṁ svid balaṁ śrīman
bhago lābhaś ca keśava
kā vidyā hrīḥ parā kā śrīḥ
kiṁ sukhaṁ duḥkham eva ca
kaḥ paṇḍitaḥ kaś ca mūrkhaḥ
kaḥ panthā utpathaś ca kaḥ
kaḥ svargo narakaḥ kaḥ svit
ko bandhur uta kiṁ gṛham
ka āḍhyaḥ ko daridro vā
kṛpaṇaḥ kaḥ ka īśvaraḥ
etān praśnān mama brūhi
viparītāṁś ca sat-pate

Synonyms

śrī-uddhavaḥ uvāca Śrī Uddhava said ; yamaḥ disciplinary regulations ; kati-vidhaḥ how many different types ; proktaḥ are declared to exist ; niyamaḥ regular daily duties ; or ; ari-karṣaṇa O Kṛṣṇa, subduer of the enemy ; kaḥ what is ; śamaḥ mental equilibrium ; kaḥ what is ; damaḥ self-control ; kṛṣṇa my dear Kṛṣṇa ; what is ; titikṣā tolerance ; dhṛtiḥ steadfastness ; prabho my Lord ; kim what is ; dānam charity ; kim what is ; tapaḥ austerity ; śauryam heroism ; kim what is ; satyam reality ; ṛtam truth ; ucyate is said ; kaḥ what is ; tyāgaḥ renunciation ; kim what is ; dhanam wealth ; ca also ; iṣṭam desirable ; kaḥ what is ; yajṣaḥ sacrifice ; what is ; ca also ; dakṣiṇā religious remuneration ; puṁsaḥ of a person ; kim what is ; svit indeed ; balam strength ; śrī-man O most fortunate Kṛṣṇa ; bhagaḥ opulence ; lābhaḥ profit ; ca also ; keśava my dear Keśava ; what is ; vidyā education ; hrīḥ humility ; parā supreme ; what is ; śrīḥ beauty ; kim what is ; sukham happiness ; duḥkham unhappiness ; eva indeed ; ca also ; kaḥ who is ; paṇḍitaḥ learned ; kaḥ who is ; ca also ; mūrkhaḥ a fool ; kaḥ what is ; panthāḥ the real path ; utpathaḥ the false path ; ca also ; kaḥ what is ; kaḥ what is ; svargaḥ heaven ; narakaḥ hell ; kaḥ what is ; svit indeed ; kaḥ who is ; bandhuḥ a friend ; uta and ; kim what is ; gṛham home ; kaḥ who is ; āḍhyaḥ wealthy ; kaḥ who is ; daridraḥ poor ; or ; kṛpaṇaḥ a miser ; kaḥ who is ; kaḥ who is ; īśvaraḥ a controller ; etān these ; praśnān subject matters of inquiry ; mama to me ; brūhi please speak ; viparītān the opposite qualities ; ca also ; sat-pate O Lord of the devotees.

Translation

Śrī Uddhava said: My dear Lord Kṛṣṇa, O chastiser of the enemies, please tell me how many types of disciplinary regulations and regular daily duties there are. Also, my Lord, tell me what is mental equilibrium, what is self-control, and what is the actual meaning of tolerance and steadfastness. What are charity, austerity and heroism, and how are reality and truth to be described? What is renunciation, and what is wealth? What is desirable, what is sacrifice, and what is religious remuneration? My dear Keśava, O most fortunate one, how am I to understand the strength, opulence and profit of a particular person? What is the best education, what is actual humility, and what is real beauty? What are happiness and unhappiness? Who is learned, and who is a fool? What are the true and the false paths in life, and what are heaven and hell? Who is indeed a true friend, and what is one’s real home? Who is a rich man, and who is a poor man? Who is wretched, and who is an actual controller? O Lord of the devotees, kindly explain these matters to me, along with their opposites.

Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)

Uddhava said: O chastiser of the enemies! Please tell me how many types of yama and niyama exist. O Kṛṣṇa! What is śama and dama? O Lord! What is tolerance and determination? What are charity, austerity and heroism, and what is truth and speaking sweetly? What is renunciation, and what is respectable wealth? What is sacrifice, and what is religious remuneration? O Keśava, O most fortunate one! How am I to understand the strength, or mercy and profit of a particular person? What is the best education, what is humility, and what is real ornamentation? What are happiness and unhappiness? Who is learned, and who is a fool? What are the true and the false paths in life, and what are heaven and hell? Who is a true friend, and what is one’s real home? Who is a rich man and who is a poor man? Who is wretched and who is an actual controller? O Lord of the devotees! Please explain these matters of inquiry along with their opposites. After hearing about dharma and other qualities and their opposites, in five verses Uddhava asks about the defining qualities of other items starting with yama. Iṣṭam dhanam means respectable wealth. Śrīḥ means ornamentation. Praśnān means the matters under question. After explaining the meaning of these items, I can understand their opposites naturally.

Purport

All of the items mentioned in these five verses are defined in different ways by different cultures and societies throughout the world. Therefore, Śrī Uddhava is directly approaching the supreme authority, Lord Kṛṣṇa, to obtain the standard definition for these universal aspects of civilized life.