Devanagari
पश्यैतां पाण्डुपुत्राणामाचार्य महतीं चमूम् ।
व्यूढां द्रुपदपुत्रेण तव शिष्येण धीमता ॥ ३ ॥
Verse text
paśyaitāṁ pāṇḍu-putrāṇām
ācārya mahatīṁ camūm
vyūḍhāṁ drupada-putreṇa
tava śiṣyeṇa dhīmatā
Synonyms
paśya
—
behold
;
etām
—
this
;
pāṇḍu-putrānām
—
of the sons of Pāṇḍu
;
ācārya
—
O teacher
;
mahatīm
—
great
;
camūm
—
military force
;
vyūḍhām
—
arranged
;
drupada-putreṇa
—
by the son of Drupada
;
tava
—
your
;
śiṣyeṇa
—
disciple
;
dhī-matā
—
very intelligent.
Translation
O my teacher, behold the great army of the sons of Pāṇḍu, so expertly arranged by your intelligent disciple the son of Drupada.
Translation (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
3. “O teacher, see this great army of the sons of Pāṇḍu, arranged for battle by your intelligent disciple, the son of Drupada.”
Translation (Baladeva Vidyabhusana)
3. “O teacher, see this great army of the sons of Pāṇḍu, arranged for battle by your intelligent disciple, the son of Drupada.”
Purport
Duryodhana, a great diplomat, wanted to point out the defects of Droṇācārya, the great brāhmaṇa commander in chief. Droṇācārya had some political quarrel with King Drupada, the father of Draupadī, who was Arjuna’s wife. As a result of this quarrel, Drupada performed a great sacrifice, by which he received the benediction of having a son who would be able to kill Droṇācārya. Droṇācārya knew this perfectly well, and yet as a liberal brāhmaṇa he did not hesitate to impart all his military secrets when the son of Drupada, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, was entrusted to him for military education. Now, on the Battlefield of Kurukṣetra, Dhṛṣṭadyumna took the side of the Pāṇḍavas, and it was he who arranged for their military phalanx, after having learned the art from Droṇācārya. Duryodhana pointed out this mistake of Droṇācārya’s so that he might be alert and uncompromising in the fighting. By this he wanted to point out also that he should not be similarly lenient in battle against the Pāṇḍavas, who were also Droṇācārya’s affectionate students. Arjuna, especially, was his most affectionate and brilliant student. Duryodhana also warned that such leniency in the fight would lead to defeat.
Purport (Visvanatha Cakravarti Thakura)
Understanding that Dhṛtarāṣtra wanted war, Saṣjaya then spoke, to make him aware that there would be war, but that the results would be the opposite of the fulfillment of his desires.
Duryodhana, seeing the arrangement of troops (vyūḍhām) being prepared by the Pāṇḍavas, then speaks, revealing his inner fear in nine verses, starting from the third verse.
He criticizes Droṇācārya. He tells him that he is very foolish because Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the son of Drupada, was arranging the troops of the enemy. That person was Droṇa’s student, having been taught by him, even knowing that he was born to kill him. [Note: King Drupada was forced to give part of his kingdom to Droṇa. As he was less powerful, he performed a sacrifice to obtain a son who would kill Droṇa. Dhṛṣṭadyumna and Draupadī emerged from the fire. A celestial voice proclaimed that his son would kill Droṇa in the future. The news spread, but Droṇa did not mind. When Dhṛṣṭadyumna approached him to learn the art of weaponry, Drona taught him. During the war, Dhṛṣṭadyumna eventually beheaded Droṇa.] “Dhṛṣṭadyumna is very intelligent (dhīmatā) because he has gained the knowledge of how to kill you from you yourself, his enemy. See what will finally result from this greatly intelligent act in the future!”
Purport (Baladeva Vidyabhusana)
This verse relates the words spoken by Duryodhana. Thinking that Droṇa would not fight against Yudhiṣṭhira and his brothers because of great affection, in order to produce some anger in Droṇa towards them, he revealed the Pāṇḍavas’ disrespect for Droṇa. “Their army has approached very close, with arrogance, not considering your exalted position as a warrior and teacher. Seeing that, you should recognize their disrespect. The army has been arranged (vyuḍhām) by the son of Drupada. Drupada, in order to kill you, had his son Dṛṣṭadumnya appear from the fire sacrifice. And then you, though knowing he was an enemy, taught that son the art of fighting. That was your foolishness. And he, the enemy, is very intelligent (dhīmatā), having learned from you how to kill you. What you have done has produced a problem for us now!”
Surrender Unto Me
Duryodhana was an expert in politics and immediatly says to Dronacarya that the opposing general is Dhrstadyumna, but he doen't call by his name, rather he calls him 'drupada‑putrena' , the son of Drupada'. Why did he call like that?
Because Dronacarya's great enemy was Drupada, and Drupada was given the benediction that his son, Dhrstadyumna, would have the ability to kill Dronacarya.
Duryodhana is saying that just to get Dronacarya fired‑up.